Macroscope
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New Zealand’s census communities

Pick a country and switch indicators on: they all line up on one time axis. You can see what changed together, what came first, where official forecasts point and how far past ones missed. Under the chart: observations computed from what is on screen.

Catholicism in New Zealand — census populationpersons449k 2023
460k480k
Anglicans in New Zealand — census populationpersons245k 2023
300k400k
Hinduism in New Zealand — census populationpersons145k 2023
100k120k140k
Islam in New Zealand — census populationpersons75.1k 2023
50k60k70k
Sikhism in New Zealand — census populationpersons53.4k 2023
20k30k40k50k
actual

Without JavaScript you see a ready view: New Zealand — Catholicism in New Zealand — census population, Anglicans in New Zealand — census population, Hinduism in New Zealand — census population, Islam in New Zealand — census population, Sikhism in New Zealand — census population, 2012–2024. Every country has its own page that works without JavaScript (list below); the data is in the API.

How the indicators changed

  • Catholicism in New Zealand — census population: 492k in 2013 → 449k in 2023 (−42.6k).
  • Anglicans in New Zealand — census population: 460k in 2013 → 245k in 2023 (−214k).
  • Hinduism in New Zealand — census population: 89.9k in 2013 → 145k in 2023 (+54.8k).
  • Islam in New Zealand — census population: 46.1k in 2013 → 75.1k in 2023 (+29k).
  • Sikhism in New Zealand — census population: 19.2k in 2013 → 53.4k in 2023 (+34.2k).

How the indicators relate

  • Catholicism in New Zealand — census population and anglicans in New Zealand — census population: too few common years with data (3) to speak of a relationship.
  • Catholicism in New Zealand — census population and hinduism in New Zealand — census population: too few common years with data (3) to speak of a relationship.
  • Catholicism in New Zealand — census population and islam in New Zealand — census population: too few common years with data (3) to speak of a relationship.
  • Catholicism in New Zealand — census population and sikhism in New Zealand — census population: too few common years with data (3) to speak of a relationship.

Moving together in time does not prove a cause: incomes, cities, education and the era itself act on many indicators at once. These observations suggest where to look, not what causes what.

Key findings

  • UN projection of 2024: in 33 of 42 countries that already report 2024–2025 data, births are below the medium variant; in 8, below the lower bound of the 95% interval.
  • Japan: 709k births in 2024 (including children of foreign nationals). Even the latest official projection (IPSS 2023, medium) expected this level only in 2042, 18 years later. An earlier projection (IPSS 2002, medium) expected it in 2045.
  • Taiwan: 108k births in 2025. Even the latest official projection (NDC 2024, medium) expected this level only in 2036, 11 years later. An earlier projection (NDC 2016, medium) expected it in 2057.
  • China: 7.92M births in 2025. Even the latest official projection (UN WPP 2024, medium) expected this level only in 2050, 25 years later. An earlier projection (UN WPP 2022, medium) expected it in 2054.
  • United States: 1.60 children per woman in 2024. The SSA 2015 projection assumed 2.04 for that year, a gap of −22%.
  • South Korea: 0.80 children per woman in 2025. Projections made before 2020 expected 1.00–1.38 for 2025, while the 2021 and 2023 projections turned out lower than reality: fertility rose slightly in 2024–2025. Errors go both ways.
  • World: 67% of people live in countries with fertility below replacement (2.1), 31% below 1.5. World population is still growing: the UN expects a peak of about 10.3B in 2084.

All forecast-vs-actual checks →

How it works

  • A source for every number. Links go to the primary publication: the statistical office, the UN, the projection archive.
  • Forecast against fact. Next to a figure: what official projections expected for it and how far reality departed.
  • Association is not cause. Moving together in time suggests where to look; the observations under the chart always say so and check a link not only in levels but also in year-to-year changes.
  • Open data. Every table is available as CSV and JSON to check, recompute and reuse.
  • For programs and AI agents. The same data through an API and an MCP server, no page scraping: how to connect.

Data as of 7 October 2026

Country pages

Each country has a page that works without JavaScript: key indicators, observations, past UN and IMF forecasts against actual data, every series with source links. Countries →