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Bulgaria

Europe

All indicators of the Macroscope base for Bulgaria, with sources. Below: what past UN and IMF releases projected and what actually happened.

Open on the chartCSV: all factsAPI
Population
6.8M
persons, 1 July, 2023
UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024
Births
50.2k
births per year, 2025
NSI, Population and demographic processes in 2025
Total fertility rate
1.63
children per woman, 2025
NSI, Population and demographic processes in 2025
Median age
44.3
years, 2023
UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024
International migrants, share
4.4
% of population, 2024
UN DESA, International Migrant Stock 2024
Internet users
82.4
% of population, 2024
World Bank, World Development Indicators
GDP per capita, PPP
35,326
constant 2021 international $, 2025
World Bank, World Development Indicators
Electricity demand per person
5,473
kWh per person a year, 2025
Ember, Yearly Electricity Data

What the data shows

Computed with the same code as the observations under the main chart and in the API (get_insights). Moving together in time does not prove a cause.

How the indicators changed

  • Fertility (TFR): 2.48 in 1950 → 1.63 in 2025 (−34%). Low: 1.11 in 1997; +46% since then. Threshold: below 2.1 since 1980. The trend broke around 1988 and 1996: −0.01 → −0.1 → +0.02 a year.
  • Births: 156k in 1950 → 50.2k in 2025 (−68%). The trend broke around 1986 and 1995: −0.66k → −5.61k → −0.53k a year.
  • Population: 7.25M in 1950 → 6.8M in 2023 (−6%). Peak: 8.99M in 1988; the latest value is 24% lower. The trend broke around 1972 and 1985: +63.3k → +28.5k → −61k a year.
  • Internet: 0% in 1990 → 82.4% in 2024 (+82 pp). Thresholds: above 10% since 2003, above 50% since 2012. Fastest growth in 2003–2008: 12% → 39.7%.
  • Urban share: 37.1% in 1960 → 74.2% in 2025 (+37 pp). Threshold: above 50% since 1969. The trend broke around 1972 and 1984: +1.6 → +0.82 → +0.23 a year.
  • GDP per person (PPP): 14,954 PPP dollars in 1990 → 35,326 PPP dollars in 2025 (+136%). Low: 11,954 PPP dollars in 1999; ×3 since then. The trend broke around 1999: direction reversed (−171 → +794 a year).
  • GDP growth: on average 3.7% in the 1980s, −5.9% in the 1990s, 4.9% in the 2000s, 2.0% in the 2010s, 2.8% in the 2020s. Lowest: −14.1% in 1997; highest: 7.8% in 2021.
  • Inflation: on average 2.6% in the 1980s, 188% in the 1990s, 6.7% in the 2000s, 1.1% in the 2010s, 5.3% in the 2020s. Lowest: −1.6% in 2014; highest: 1,061% in 1997.
  • Net migration: on average −15.7k a year in the 1950s, −0.45k a year in the 1960s, −15.3k a year in the 1970s, −14.1k a year in the 1980s, −51.2k a year in the 1990s, −17.9k a year in the 2000s, −10.1k a year in the 2010s, 18.4k a year in the 2020s.
  • Life expectancy, men: 59.7 years in 1950 → 72.2 years in 2023 (+13 years). Threshold: above 70 years since 2022. The trend broke around 1963 and 1995: +0.8 → −0.05 → +0.14 a year.

What changed at the same time

  • The fastest decline of "Fertility (TFR)" was in 1987–1997: 1.96 → 1.11. Over the same years: births 117k → 63.8k; population 8.98M → 8.22M; internet 1.2% (1997); urban share 66% → 67.7%; GDP per person (PPP) 12,419 PPP dollars (1997); GDP growth 4.7% → −14.1%; inflation 2.7% → 1,061%; net migration 0.36k a year → −23k a year; life expectancy, men 68.3 years → 67 years.
  • Over the last 10 years (2015–2025): fertility (TFR) 1.53 → 1.63; births 65.9k → 50.2k; population 7.18M (2015); internet 56.7% → 82.4%; urban share 73.1% → 74.2%; GDP per person (PPP) 24,563 PPP dollars → 35,326 PPP dollars; GDP growth 3.4% → 3.1%; inflation −1.1% → 3.5%; net migration −4.23k a year (2015); life expectancy, men 71.2 years (2015).

How the indicators relate

  • Fertility (TFR) and internet (1990–2024, 33 years): levels are strongly related, in the same direction (r = 0.76); year-to-year changes are related too (r = 0.53). Changes line up from year to year too, which is more than a shared trend.
  • Fertility (TFR) and urban share (1960–2025, 66 years): levels are strongly related, in opposite directions (r = −0.74); year-to-year changes show no reliable link (r = 0.09). This looks like a shared trend: both change over time, but not in step from year to year.
  • Fertility (TFR) and GDP per person (PPP) (1990–2025, 36 years): levels are strongly related, in the same direction (r = 0.71); year-to-year changes show no reliable link (r = 0.29). This looks like a shared trend: both change over time, but not in step from year to year.

Against other countries

  • Fertility (TFR), adjusted for income: countries with the same GDP per person (33,070 PPP dollars) typically have 1.64; here it is 1.81, about the same as most countries at this income (2023, 197 countries).
  • Internet, adjusted for income: countries with the same GDP per person (34,220 PPP dollars) typically have 87.1%; here it is 82.4%, about the same as most countries at this income (2024, 177 countries).
  • Order of events: fertility below 3: already in 1950; fertility below 2.1: 1965; urban majority: 1969; half the population online: 2012. Fertility fell below 3 after the urban share passed 50% in 69% of 111 countries where the order is known; median gap 9 years. Fertility fell below 2.1 before half the population went online in 88% of 112 countries where the order is known.

Forecasts vs actual

  • Fertility (TFR): past UN projections. The outcome was below the projection in 0 of 12 revisions (1998–2022) and above in 12; median gap +5.6%.
  • The UN 1998 projection expected today's level (1.63, 2025) only after 2035: reality is at least 10 years ahead of it.
  • The UN 2010 projection expected this level (1.63) already around 2018: reality is 7 years behind it.
  • Fertility (TFR): UN 2024 projection (medium): 2050 — 1.70 (+4% vs 2025), 2100 — 1.68 (+3% vs 2025); low variant for 2100: 1.18.
  • Fertility (TFR): Eurostat projections (EUROPOP). For the latest year with data the outcome was below the projection in 1 of 6 editions (2013–2025) and above in 5; median gap +5.9%. The biggest miss: EUROPOP2023 expected 1.57 for 2024; the outcome was 1.72.
  • Births: past UN projections. The outcome was below the projection in 7 of 12 revisions (1998–2022) and above in 5; median gap −4.5%.
  • The UN 1998 projection expected today's level (50.2k, 2025) only after 2035: reality is at least 10 years ahead of it.
  • The UN 2022 projection expected today's level (50.2k, 2025) only by 2030: reality is at least 5 years ahead of it.
  • National statistics for 2025: 50.2k, 17% below the UN 2024 medium variant (60.4k) and below its 95% interval.
  • Births: UN 2024 projection (medium): 2050 — 47.8k (−5% vs 2025), 2100 — 28.9k (−42% vs 2025); low variant for 2100: 9.23k.
  • Population: past UN projections. The outcome was below the projection in 3 of 12 revisions (1998–2022) and above in 9; median gap +1.2%.
  • The UN 1998 projection expected today's level (6.8M, 2023) only by 2030: reality is at least 7 years ahead of it.
  • The UN 2019 projection expected this level (6.8M) already around 2022: reality is 1 year behind it.
  • Population: UN 2024 projection (medium): 2050 — 5.4M (−21% vs 2023), 2100 — 3.53M (−48% vs 2023); low variant for 2100: 2.26M.
  • Why the UN missed the population. The 1998 projection for 2023: 7.13M; the UN's 2024 estimate: 6.8M (−4.7%). Parts of the gap (plus means more people than projected): the starting population −141k, births +79.3k, deaths −92.5k (more deaths than expected), migration −176k; the largest: migration.
  • Why the UN missed the population. The 2010 projection for 2023: 6.84M; the UN's 2024 estimate: 6.8M (−0.7%). Parts of the gap (plus means more people than projected): the starting population −56.3k, births −48.2k, deaths −50.5k (more deaths than expected), migration +111k; the largest: migration.
  • Population: the IMF and the UN disagree. The IMF (April 2026) puts it at 6.44M in 2024, the UN (WPP 2024) at 6.76M: the IMF is 5% lower. Part of the gap may come from whom and which territory each counts.
  • Population: Eurostat projections (EUROPOP). For the latest year with data the outcome was below the projection in 5 of 7 editions (2013–2025) and above in 2; median gap −3.1%. The biggest miss: EUROPOP2023 expected 6.8M for 2026; the outcome was 6.42M.
  • GDP growth: IMF next-year forecasts (36 editions, 2007–2024). On average the outcome was 0.7 pp below the forecast; below it in 50% of cases; typical error ±1.8 pp. The biggest miss was for 2009: IMF, April 2008 expected 4.8%, the outcome was −3.3%.
  • GDP growth: latest IMF forecast (IMF, April 2026): 2026 — 2.8%, 2028 — 2.8%, 2031 — 2.6%.
  • Inflation: IMF next-year forecasts (36 editions, 2007–2024). On average the outcome was 0.7 pp above the forecast; below it in 44% of cases; typical error ±2.4 pp. The biggest miss was for 2022: IMF, October 2021 expected 1.9%, the outcome was 13%.
  • Inflation: latest IMF forecast (IMF, April 2026): 2026 — 3.8%, 2028 — 3.4%, 2031 — 2.2%.
  • Net migration: past UN projections. The outcome was above the projection in 12 of 12 revisions (1998–2022) and below in none; median difference +26.7k a year. The biggest miss: the 2000 revision expected −20k a year for 2020–2025; the outcome was 16.7k a year (for the years of the period so far).
  • Net migration: UN 2024 projection (medium): 2030 — −9.74k a year, 2050 — −7.22k a year, 2100 — −3.64k a year.
  • Net migration: Eurostat projections (EUROPOP). For the latest year with data the outcome was below the projection in 1 of 6 editions (2013–2025) and above in 5; median gap +42.8k a year. The biggest miss: EUROPOP2015 expected −12.6k a year for 2024; the outcome was 39.2k a year.
  • Life expectancy, men: past UN projections. The outcome was above the projection in 1 of 12 revisions (1998–2022) and below in 11; median difference −1.7 years. The biggest miss: the 2022 revision expected 69.5 years for 2023; the outcome was 72.2 years.
  • Life expectancy, men: UN 2024 projection (medium): 2030 — 73.4 years, 2050 — 77.1 years, 2100 — 84.6 years.
  • Life expectancy, men: Eurostat projections (EUROPOP). For the latest year with data the outcome was below the projection in 4 of 5 editions (2015–2025) and above in 1; median gap −0.1 years. The biggest miss: EUROPOP2015 expected 73.6 years for 2024; the outcome was 72.2 years.

UN projections vs actual

Solid line: actual data, UN WPP 2024 estimates; births and fertility from national statistics from the last year they matched the UN estimate (the UN's figures for the latest years are partly its own projection). Dashed: medium variants of past UN revisions. The table shows what each revision expected for the latest year (or five-year period) with actual data.

Population

persons, 1 July
Bulgaria: PopulationActual 2023: 6.8M5M6M7M8M9M19902000201020202030
  • Actual
  • UN 1998
  • UN 2000
  • UN 2002
  • UN 2004
  • UN 2006
  • UN 2008
  • UN 2010
  • UN 2012
  • UN 2015
  • UN 2017
  • UN 2019
  • UN 2022
  • UN 2024, medium
ReleaseTarget periodHorizonExpectedActualActual vs expected
UN 1998202325 years7.13M6.8M−4.7%
UN 2000202323 years6.26M6.8M+8.5%
UN 2002202321 years6.72M6.8M+1.2%
UN 2004202319 years6.68M6.8M+1.8%
UN 2006202317 years6.68M6.8M+1.7%
UN 2008202315 years6.86M6.8M−0.9%
UN 2010202313 years6.84M6.8M−0.7%
UN 2012202311 years6.65M6.8M+2.2%
UN 201520238 years6.72M6.8M+1.2%
UN 201720236 years6.79M6.8M0%
UN 201920234 years6.79M6.8M+0.1%
UN 202220231 year6.69M6.8M+1.6%

Births

births per year
Bulgaria: BirthsActual 2025: 50.2k40k60k80k100k120k19902000201020202030
  • Actual
  • UN 1998
  • UN 2000
  • UN 2002
  • UN 2004
  • UN 2006
  • UN 2008
  • UN 2010
  • UN 2012
  • UN 2015
  • UN 2017
  • UN 2019
  • UN 2022
  • UN 2024, medium
ReleaseTarget periodHorizonExpectedActualActual vs expected
UN 19982020–202524 years54.1k56.1k+3.7%
UN 20002020–202522 years48.6k56.1k+15.5%
UN 20022020–202520 years55.3k56.1k+1.4%
UN 20042020–202518 years50.5k56.1k+11.2%
UN 20062020–202516 years50.4k56.1k+11.4%
UN 20082020–202514 years58.5k56.1k−4.1%
UN 20102020–202512 years61.6k56.1k−8.9%
UN 20122020–202510 years59.1k56.1k−5%
UN 20152020–20258 years61.5k56.1k−8.8%
UN 20172020–20256 years61.3k56.1k−8.5%
UN 20192020–20254 years59k56.1k−4.9%
UN 202220253 years53.5k50.2k−6.1%

Total fertility rate

children per woman
Bulgaria: Total fertility rateActual 2025: 1.6311.21.41.61.8219902000201020202030
  • Actual
  • UN 1998
  • UN 2000
  • UN 2002
  • UN 2004
  • UN 2006
  • UN 2008
  • UN 2010
  • UN 2012
  • UN 2015
  • UN 2017
  • UN 2019
  • UN 2022
  • UN 2024, medium
ReleaseTarget periodHorizonExpectedActualActual vs expected
UN 19982020–202524 years1.481.70+14.9%
UN 20002020–202522 years1.431.70+18.6%
UN 20022020–202520 years1.541.70+10.1%
UN 20042020–202518 years1.411.70+20.7%
UN 20062020–202516 years1.441.70+18.1%
UN 20082020–202514 years1.601.70+6%
UN 20102020–202512 years1.691.70+0.6%
UN 20122020–202510 years1.671.70+1.3%
UN 20152020–20258 years1.661.70+2.2%
UN 20172020–20256 years1.641.70+3.3%
UN 20192020–20254 years1.611.70+5.2%
UN 202220253 years1.601.63+1.8%

Deaths

thousand deaths per year
Bulgaria: DeathsActual 2023: 1038010012014016019902000201020202030
  • Actual
  • UN 1998
  • UN 2000
  • UN 2002
  • UN 2004
  • UN 2006
  • UN 2008
  • UN 2010
  • UN 2012
  • UN 2015
  • UN 2017
  • UN 2019
  • UN 2022
  • UN 2024, medium
ReleaseTarget periodHorizonExpectedActualActual vs expected
UN 19982015–202020 years107110+2.9%
UN 20002015–202018 years102110+7.8%
UN 20022015–202016 years105110+5.1%
UN 20042015–202014 years105110+5.2%
UN 20062015–202012 years108110+2.3%
UN 20082015–202010 years104110+5.4%
UN 20102015–20208 years108110+1.5%
UN 20122015–20206 years112110−1.9%
UN 20152015–20202 years110110+0.4%
UN 20172015–20200 years108110+2%
UN 202220231 year136103−24.2%

Infant mortality

deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Bulgaria: Infant mortalityActual 2023: 4.70510152019902000201020202030
  • Actual
  • UN 1998
  • UN 2000
  • UN 2002
  • UN 2004
  • UN 2006
  • UN 2008
  • UN 2010
  • UN 2012
  • UN 2015
  • UN 2017
  • UN 2019
  • UN 2022
  • UN 2024, medium
ReleaseTarget periodHorizonExpectedActualActual vs expected
UN 19982015–202020 years11.45.9−47.9%
UN 20002015–202018 years11.65.9−48.8%
UN 20022015–202016 years10.75.9−44.3%
UN 20042015–202014 years105.9−40.6%
UN 20062015–202012 years9.95.9−39.8%
UN 20082015–202010 years9.95.9−39.8%
UN 20102015–20208 years8.45.9−29.5%
UN 20122015–20206 years8.15.9−27.1%
UN 20152015–20202 years8.15.9−26.9%
UN 20172015–20200 years7.25.9−17.3%
UN 202220231 year5.54.7−13.8%

Net migration

persons per year
Bulgaria: Net migrationActual 2023: 5.17k−150k−100k−50k050k19902000201020202030
  • Actual
  • UN 1998
  • UN 2000
  • UN 2002
  • UN 2004
  • UN 2006
  • UN 2008
  • UN 2010
  • UN 2012
  • UN 2015
  • UN 2017
  • UN 2019
  • UN 2022
  • UN 2024, medium
ReleaseTarget periodHorizonExpectedActualActual vs expected
UN 19982020–2025*24 years016.7k+17k a year
UN 20002020–2025*22 years−20k16.7k+37k a year
UN 20022020–2025*20 years−10k16.7k+27k a year
UN 20042020–2025*18 years−10k16.7k+27k a year
UN 20062020–2025*16 years−10k16.7k+27k a year
UN 20082020–2025*14 years−10k16.7k+27k a year
UN 20102020–2025*12 years−10k16.7k+27k a year
UN 20122020–2025*10 years−10k16.7k+27k a year
UN 20152020–2025*8 years−10k16.7k+27k a year
UN 20172020–2025*6 years−4.8k16.7k+22k a year
UN 20192020–2025*4 years−4.8k16.7k+22k a year
UN 202220231 year−4.8k5.17k+10k a year

Life expectancy at birth, women

years
Bulgaria: Life expectancy at birth, womenActual 2023: 79.272747678808219902000201020202030
  • Actual
  • UN 1998
  • UN 2000
  • UN 2002
  • UN 2004
  • UN 2006
  • UN 2008
  • UN 2010
  • UN 2012
  • UN 2015
  • UN 2017
  • UN 2019
  • UN 2022
  • UN 2024, medium
ReleaseTarget periodHorizonExpectedActualActual vs expected
UN 19982020–2025*24 years78.677.4−1.3 yrs
UN 20002020–2025*22 years77.777.4−0.4 yrs
UN 20022020–2025*20 years78.277.4−0.9 yrs
UN 20042020–2025*18 years78.377.4−1 yrs
UN 20062020–2025*16 years78.677.4−1.2 yrs
UN 20082020–2025*14 years79.377.4−2 yrs
UN 20102020–2025*12 years78.477.4−1 yrs
UN 20122020–2025*10 years78.377.4−0.9 yrs
UN 20152020–2025*8 years78.577.4−1.2 yrs
UN 20172020–2025*6 years7977.4−1.7 yrs
UN 20192020–2025*4 years79.177.4−1.7 yrs
UN 202220231 year76.479.2+2.8 yrs

Life expectancy at birth, men

years
Bulgaria: Life expectancy at birth, menActual 2023: 72.266687072747619902000201020202030
  • Actual
  • UN 1998
  • UN 2000
  • UN 2002
  • UN 2004
  • UN 2006
  • UN 2008
  • UN 2010
  • UN 2012
  • UN 2015
  • UN 2017
  • UN 2019
  • UN 2022
  • UN 2024, medium
ReleaseTarget periodHorizonExpectedActualActual vs expected
UN 19982020–2025*24 years7270.2−1.8 yrs
UN 20002020–2025*22 years70.970.2−0.7 yrs
UN 20022020–2025*20 years71.970.2−1.7 yrs
UN 20042020–2025*18 years72.270.2−2 yrs
UN 20062020–2025*16 years7270.2−1.8 yrs
UN 20082020–2025*14 years72.870.2−2.6 yrs
UN 20102020–2025*12 years71.870.2−1.6 yrs
UN 20122020–2025*10 years71.170.2−0.9 yrs
UN 20152020–2025*8 years71.770.2−1.5 yrs
UN 20172020–2025*6 years72.370.2−2.1 yrs
UN 20192020–2025*4 years72.170.2−1.9 yrs
UN 202220231 year69.572.2+2.7 yrs

* The five-year period is not over: the projection is compared with the mean of its years so far (UN facts end in 2023).

IMF forecasts vs actual

Solid line: actual values from the latest IMF edition (data get revised, so we use the newest). Dashed: April editions, current year and five years ahead. The table covers next-year forecasts from all editions: mean error shows bias, mean absolute error shows accuracy.

Real GDP growth

% per year
Bulgaria: Real GDP growthActual 2025: 3.1−505102000200520102015202020252030
  • Actual (IMF)
  • WEO, April editions
IndicatorForecastsMean errorMean absolute errorActual below forecast
Real GDP growth36−0.7 pp1.8 pp50%
Inflation36+0.7 pp2.4 pp44%
Unemployment rate29−0.1 pp1.3 pp62%
Government gross debt28−0.9 pp3.4 pp57%
Government budget balance29+0.1 pp1.5 pp55%

All indicators

Demography

Population

6.8M persons, 1 July latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Population1950: 7.25M; 2023: 6.8M02M4M6M8M10M19501975200020252050

Population on 1 July. UN estimate to 2023, medium variant from 2024; past UN revisions for forecast checks.

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

Births

50.2k births per year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Births1950: 156k; 2025: 50.2k050k100k150k200k19501975200020252050

Live births per calendar year. UN WPP 2024 and national statistics (64 countries, 2015-2025).

Source: NSI, Population and demographic processes in 2025

Deaths

103 thousand deaths per year latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Deaths1950: 72; 2023: 10305010015019501975200020252050

Deaths per calendar year (UN estimate to 2023, medium variant from 2024); past UN revisions for forecast checks.

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

Natural change

−40.3 thousand persons per year latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Natural change1950: 83.7; 2023: −40.302040608010019501975200020252050

Births minus deaths in the year (UN). Negative: natural decrease, more deaths than births.

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

Rate of natural change

−5.9 per 1,000 population per year latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Rate of natural change1950: 11.5; 2023: −5.905101519501975200020252050

Births minus deaths in the year per 1,000 people (UN). With the net migration rate it makes up population growth.

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

Life expectancy at 65

16.5 years latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Life expectancy at 651950: 14.5; 2023: 16.50510152019501975200020252050

Years a person aged 65 would still live at the mortality rates of the year; both sexes (UN).

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

Infant mortality

4.7 deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Infant mortality1950: 96; 2023: 4.702040608010019501975200020252050

Children per 1,000 live births who die before their first birthday (UN); past UN revisions for forecast checks.

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

Total fertility rate

1.63 children per woman latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Total fertility rate1950: 2.48; 2025: 1.630.000.501.001.502.002.5019501975200020252050

Average number of children a woman would have at the age-specific fertility rates of the year.

Source: NSI, Population and demographic processes in 2025

Life expectancy at birth, women

79.2 years latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Life expectancy at birth, women1950: 63.3; 2023: 79.202040608010019501975200020252050

Years a newborn girl would live at the mortality rates of the year (UN).

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

Life expectancy at birth, men

72.2 years latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Life expectancy at birth, men1950: 59.7; 2023: 72.202040608019501975200020252050

Years a newborn boy would live at the mortality rates of the year (UN).

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

Median age

44.3 years latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Median age1950: 26; 2023: 44.30102030405019501975200020252050

Age that divides the population in two halves (UN).

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

Mean age of mothers at childbirth

27.9 years latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Mean age of mothers at childbirth1950: 26.7; 2023: 27.901020304019501975200020252050

Mean age of mothers at the birth of their children of any order (UN).

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

Sex ratio at birth

106 boys per 100 girls latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Sex ratio at birth1950: 106.7; 2023: 10605010015019501975200020252050

Boys born per 100 girls born (UN).

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

Fertility: first births

0.82 first children per woman latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: Fertility: first births1947: 0.96; 2021: 0.8200.511.519501960197019801990200020102020

First children a woman would have at the age-specific rates of first births of the year (at most one). With second and later births it adds up to the total fertility rate. Human Fertility Database (July 2025 release, Our World in Data copy).

Source: Human Fertility Database, period fertility by birth order (July 2025 release, Our World in Data copy)

Mean age at first birth

26.5 years latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: Mean age at first birth1960: 22.1; 2021: 26.501020301960197019801990200020102020

Mean age of mothers at the birth of their first child (adjusted for the age structure of women). Human Fertility Database, summary indicators.

Source: Human Fertility Database, summary indicators (HFDLite)

Completed cohort fertility

1.66 children per woman; year = birth year of women latest value, 1977

Bulgaria: Completed cohort fertility1935: 2.03; 1977: 1.6600.511.522.5195019551960196519701975

Children per woman born in a given year by the end of childbearing (observed to age 44 or more). The year is the birth year of the women, not a calendar year. Human Fertility Database.

Source: Human Fertility Database, summary indicators (HFDLite)

Childlessness by cohort

6 % of women; year = birth year of women latest value, 1977

Bulgaria: Childlessness by cohort1935: 8.2; 1977: 602468195019551960196519701975

Share of women born in a given year who had no live births (observed to age 44 or more). The year is the birth year of the women. Human Fertility Database, which advises caution with cohort parity distributions.

Source: Human Fertility Database, summary indicators (HFDLite)

First child by age 26

42.7 % of women; year = birth year of women latest value, 1995

Bulgaria: First child by age 261932: 77.7; 1995: 42.702040608010019501960197019801990

Share of women born in a given year who had a first child by the end of the year they turned 26 (26.5 on average): cumulative first births per woman × 100, from birth registers. The year is the birth year of the women; only cohorts already past that age, no projection. Human Fertility Database (ccfrVHbo).

Source: Human Fertility Database, cumulative cohort fertility by age and birth order (ccfrVHbo, OWID download of 22 October 2025)

First child by age 30

62.3 % of women; year = birth year of women latest value, 1991

Bulgaria: First child by age 301932: 86.3; 1991: 62.302040608010019501960197019801990

Share of women born in a given year who had a first child by the end of the year they turned 30 (30.5 on average), from birth registers. The year is the birth year of the women; only cohorts already past that age. Human Fertility Database (ccfrVHbo).

Source: Human Fertility Database, cumulative cohort fertility by age and birth order (ccfrVHbo, OWID download of 22 October 2025)

Excess deaths

−8.3 % above the 2015-2019 trend latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Excess deaths2020: 14.9; 2025: −8.301020304020202025

How many percent more deaths (minus: fewer) the year had than the straight line through 2015-2019 of the same country. Macroscope's calculation from the Human Mortality Database: weekly deaths (Short-Term Mortality Fluctuations, ISO years scaled to 52.18 weeks), annual deaths where those are missing; no ageing adjustment beyond the trend, so the further from 2019, the rougher the estimate.

Source: Human Mortality Database, weekly deaths (Short-Term Mortality Fluctuations, September 2026 release, Our World in Data copy); excess deaths: Macroscope's calculation

Births: long series

58.7 thousand births per year latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: Births: long series1947: 170.2; 2021: 58.705010015020019501960197019801990200020102020

Live births per year from the Human Mortality Database, from the first year it publishes (Sweden 1749, France 1806, Denmark 1835), within the borders of the time. United Kingdom from 1922; Germany before 1990 = East plus West. Where it overlaps the UN series (from 1950) it usually differs by less than 1%.

Source: Human Mortality Database, live births (September 2025 release, Our World in Data copy)

Crude birth rate: long series

8.5 births per 1,000 people a year latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: Crude birth rate: long series1947: 24.1; 2021: 8.5010203019501960197019801990200020102020

Live births per 1,000 people. Macroscope's calculation from the Human Mortality Database: births divided by the mean of the populations on 1 January of the year and of the next. Starts when HMD publishes the population (Sweden 1751, France 1816). In years of border changes the divisor mixes the old and new territory.

Source: Human Mortality Database: births per 1,000 people, Macroscope's calculation (births: September 2025 release, Our World in Data copy; population: mean of 1 January of the year and the next, HMD summary tables)

Total fertility rate (HFD)

1.58 children per woman latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: Total fertility rate (HFD)1947: 2.83; 2021: 1.58012319501960197019801990200020102020

Children a woman would have at the age-specific fertility rates of the year. Human Fertility Database: official summary tables from 1960; earlier years from the Our World in Data copy of the same database (Sweden 1891, Denmark 1916, USA 1933, France 1946). May differ slightly from the UN estimate.

Source: Human Fertility Database, summary indicators (HFDLite)

Crude marriage rate

3.07 marriages per 1,000 people latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Crude marriage rate1950: 10.74; 2025: 3.0705101519501960197019801990200020102020

Marriages in the year per 1,000 people: marriages from national offices (Korea, Japan, Taiwan, China, the USA, the UK, Russia, Brazil and others, where they publish more than the international databases), Eurostat and the UN, divided by the UN WPP 2024 population. Where most births are within marriage, marriages come before births.

Source: National statistics (nsi.bg)

Marriages

20.6k marriages a year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Marriages1950: 77.8k; 2025: 20.6k020k40k60k80k19501960197019801990200020102020

Marriages in the year (couples). National offices (Korea, Japan, Taiwan, China, the USA, the UK, Russia, Brazil and others), Eurostat for Europe, the UN for the rest; by year of registration or of occurrence, as each country counts.

Source: National statistics (nsi.bg)

Adolescent fertility rate

38 births per 1,000 women aged 15-19 latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Adolescent fertility rate1960: 72.6; 2024: 380204060801001960197019801990200020102020

Births to women aged 15-19 per 1,000 women of that age (World Bank, from UN World Population Prospects).

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators

Old-age dependency

36.5 persons 65+ per 100 aged 20-64 latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Old-age dependency1950: 11.1; 2020: 36.5020406019501975200020252050

Persons aged 65+ per 100 aged 20-64, every five years (UN).

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

Children under 15

988 thousand persons, 1 July latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Children under 151950: 1,954; 2023: 98805001,0001,5002,0002,50019501975200020252050

Children aged 0-14 on 1 July: the sum of the five-year groups 0-4, 5-9 and 10-14 (UN; estimate to 2023, medium variant from 2024).

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

Children under 5

308 thousand persons, 1 July latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Children under 51950: 742; 2023: 308020040060080019501975200020252050

Children aged 0-4 on 1 July (UN; estimate to 2023, medium variant from 2024).

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

People aged 65 and over

1,484 thousand persons, 1 July latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: People aged 65 and over1950: 458; 2023: 1,48405001,0001,5002,00019501975200020252050

People aged 65 and over on 1 July: the sum of the five-year groups from 65-69 to 100+ (UN; estimate to 2023, medium variant from 2024).

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

People aged 80 and over

328 thousand persons, 1 July latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: People aged 80 and over1950: 60; 2023: 328010020030040050019501975200020252050

People aged 80 and over on 1 July: the sum of the five-year groups from 80-84 to 100+ (UN; estimate to 2023, medium variant from 2024).

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

Fertility of native-born mothers

1.74 children per woman latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Fertility of native-born mothers2013: 1.55; 2024: 1.7400.511.5220152020

Total fertility rate of women born in the country. Macroscope's calculation from Eurostat data: births by age and country of birth of the mother divided by women of the same age and country of birth (checked against the official TFR: median deviation 0.3%). Eurostat publishes no such series; small groups (under 5,000 births a year) are left out.

Source: Eurostat, demography and migration

Migration

Net migration

5.17k persons per year latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Net migration1950: −1.43k; 2023: 5.17k−150k−100k−50k050k19501975200020252050

Immigrants minus emigrants per year (UN estimate and projection). Past UN revisions for forecast checks.

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

Net migration rate

0.76 per 1,000 population per year latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Net migration rate1950: −0.2; 2023: 0.76−15−10−50519501975200020252050

Immigrants minus emigrants per year per 1,000 people: UN net migration divided by the population on 1 July. Comparable across countries of any size.

Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024

Personal remittances received

2.1 % of GDP latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Personal remittances received1996: 0.3; 2025: 2.10246810200020052010201520202025

Money sent home by people working or living abroad, percent of the receiving country's GDP (World Bank, from IMF balance of payments data).

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators

International migrants, share

4.4 % of population latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: International migrants, share1990: 0.2; 2024: 4.40123451990199520002005201020152020

People born in another country (foreign citizens where birthplace is not recorded) as a share of the population at mid-year (UN, every five years and 2024).

Source: UN DESA, International Migrant Stock 2024

International migrant stock

299k persons latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: International migrant stock1990: 21.5k; 2024: 299k0100k200k300k1990199520002005201020152020

Number of people born in another country (or foreign citizens) living in the country at mid-year (UN).

Source: UN DESA, International Migrant Stock 2024

Emigrants, share

18.5 % of home population latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Emigrants, share1990: 6.8; 2024: 18.5051015201990199520002005201020152020

People from the country (born there or its citizens) living in other countries, as a percentage of the population living in the country (UN, International Migrant Stock 2024).

Source: UN DESA, International Migrant Stock 2024

Emigrant stock

1.25M persons latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Emigrant stock1990: 598k; 2024: 1.25M0500k1M1.5M1990199520002005201020152020

Number of people from the country (born there or its citizens) living in other countries at mid-year (UN).

Source: UN DESA, International Migrant Stock 2024

Refugees hosted

106k persons, end of year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Refugees hosted1992: 0.22k; 2025: 106k050k100k150k200k1995200020052010201520202025

Refugees under UNHCR's mandate (incl. people in refugee-like situations) and other people in need of international protection living in the country; asylum-seekers and internally displaced people are not included.

Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder

Refugees hosted per 1,000 people

15.7 per 1,000 population latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Refugees hosted per 1,000 people1992: 0; 2025: 15.701020301995200020052010201520202025

Refugees under UNHCR's mandate and other people in need of international protection living in the country, per 1,000 people (population: UN WPP 2024).

Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder

Refugees from the country

0.53k persons, end of year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Refugees from the country1969: 0.09k; 2025: 0.53k01k2k3k4k5k197019801990200020102020

Refugees and other people in need of international protection from the country living abroad (UNHCR). Palestine refugees under UNRWA's mandate are not included, so the figure for Palestine is far too low.

Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder

Refugees from the country per 1,000 people

0.1 per 1,000 population of the country latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Refugees from the country per 1,000 people1969: 0; 2025: 0.100.20.40.6197019801990200020102020

Refugees and other people in need of international protection from the country per 1,000 people living in it (UNHCR; population: UN WPP 2024). UNRWA refugees not included.

Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder

Births to foreign-born mothers

2.7 % of births latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Births to foreign-born mothers2013: 1.4; 2024: 2.7012320152020

Share of live births to mothers born in another country, among births with a known country of birth of the mother: Europe from Eurostat (demo_facbc), Australia and Canada from their national offices (Canada: among all births).

Source: Eurostat, demography and migration

Asylum applications

0.57 first-time applicants per 1,000 people latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Asylum applications2011: 0.1; 2025: 0.5701234201520202025

People who applied for asylum for the first time in the year (Eurostat, migr_asyappctza) per 1,000 people (population: UN WPP 2024). Europe only.

Source: Eurostat, demography and migration

Ordered to leave

3,880 persons a year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Ordered to leave2008: 1,405; 2025: 3,88005,00010,00015,00020,00025,0002010201520202025

Non-EU citizens ordered to leave the country in the year: decisions on illegal stay (Eurostat, migr_eiord). These are orders, not removals: some leave later, some stay. Europe only.

Source: Eurostat, demography and migration

Returned after an order to leave

1,205 persons a year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Returned after an order to leave2008: 275; 2025: 1,20505001,0001,5002,0002010201520202025

Non-EU citizens who left the country in the year after an order to leave, forced or voluntary, to any destination (Eurostat, migr_eirtn). A return may follow an order of an earlier year. Europe only.

Source: Eurostat, demography and migration

Resettled refugees

15 persons a year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Resettled refugees2008: 0; 2025: 150204060802010201520202025

People resettled to the country in the year from third countries (usually referred by UNHCR), Eurostat, migr_asyresa. Excludes relocation within the EU. Europe only.

Source: Eurostat, demography and migration

Citizens under temporary protection in Europe

0.2 thousand persons, end of year latest value, 2026

Bulgaria: Citizens under temporary protection in Europe2022: 0; 2026: 0.200.10.10.20.220202025

Citizens of the country under temporary protection in the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland (all 31 report from 2022), end of December. For the running year: the latest month all have published. Granted from March 2022 to people fleeing the war in Ukraine: almost all are Ukrainians; for other countries, their citizens who lived in Ukraine. Eurostat, migr_asytpsm.

Source: Eurostat, beneficiaries of temporary protection at the end of June 2026 (latest month published; the year is not over)

Temporary protection hosted per 1,000 people

11.8 per 1,000 population latest value, 2026

Bulgaria: Temporary protection hosted per 1,000 people2022: 21.6; 2026: 11.8010203020202025

People under EU temporary protection (fleeing the war in Ukraine) living in the country at the end of December, per 1,000 people. Running year: latest month published. Eurostat, migr_asytpsm; population: UN WPP 2024. EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland.

Source: Eurostat, beneficiaries of temporary protection at the end of August 2026 (latest month published; the year is not over)

Asylum applications worldwide

0.58 new applications per 1,000 people latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Asylum applications worldwide2000: 0.22; 2025: 0.5801234200020052010201520202025

New asylum applications lodged in the country in the year per 1,000 people (UNHCR; cases where a country counts cases rather than people; population: UN WPP 2024). All countries; for Europe there is also Eurostat's series of first-time applicants.

Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder

Immigration rate

7.7 per 1,000 people a year latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Immigration rate2007: 0.2; 2024: 7.70246810201020152020

Immigrants in the year per 1,000 people (population: UN WPP 2024): Europe by registration data (Eurostat, migr_imm8); Russia (from 2011), Türkiye, Australia, New Zealand, Korea and Kazakhstan from their national offices, each by its own rule (12 of 16 months in Australia and New Zealand, 90 days in Korea, registration for 9 months or more in Russia).

Source: Eurostat, demography and migration

Emigration rate

1.9 per 1,000 people a year latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Emigration rate2007: 0.4; 2024: 1.90246201020152020

Emigrants in the year per 1,000 people (population: UN WPP 2024): Europe by registration data (Eurostat, migr_emi2); Russia (from 2011), Türkiye, Australia, New Zealand, Korea, Kazakhstan and Canada (from 2016) from their national offices, each by its own rule. Departures are recorded less completely than arrivals.

Source: Eurostat, demography and migration

Economy

GDP per capita, PPP

35,326 constant 2021 international $ latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: GDP per capita, PPP1990: 14,954; 2025: 35,326010,00020,00030,00040,00019901995200020052010201520202025

Gross domestic product per person at purchasing power parity, constant 2021 international dollars (World Bank, ICP).

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators

Real GDP growth

3.1 % per year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Real GDP growth1980: 5.7; 2025: 3.1−15−10−5051019801990200020102020

Annual change of GDP at constant prices. Actual values and forecasts from IMF WEO editions.

Source: IMF World Economic Outlook, April 2026

Inflation

3.5 % per year, average latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Inflation1980: 0; 2025: 3.5−50005001,0001,50019801990200020102020

Change of the annual average consumer price index (IMF WEO).

Source: IMF World Economic Outlook, April 2026

Government gross debt

27.1 % of GDP latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Government gross debt1998: 67.3; 2025: 27.1020406080200020052010201520202025

General government gross debt, percent of GDP (IMF WEO).

Source: IMF World Economic Outlook, April 2026

Unemployment rate

3.6 % of labour force latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unemployment rate1989: 0; 2025: 3.6051015201990200020102020

Unemployed as a share of the labour force (IMF WEO; national definitions).

Source: IMF World Economic Outlook, April 2026

Unemployment, ILO estimate

3.5 % of labour force latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unemployment, ILO estimate1991: 11.1; 2025: 3.5051015201995200020052010201520202025

Unemployed as a share of the labour force by the ILO's single definition: a modelled estimate for every country, including those without surveys (via the World Bank). Unlike the IMF series, one definition for all, but no projections.

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators

Youth unemployment, 15-24

10.2 % of labour force aged 15-24 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Youth unemployment, 15-241991: 22.6; 2025: 10.20102030401995200020052010201520202025

Unemployed as a share of the labour force aged 15-24 (ILO modelled estimate, via the World Bank).

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators

GDP per capita, US dollars

20,921 current US dollars latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: GDP per capita, US dollars1980: 4,286; 2025: 20,92105,00010,00015,00020,00025,00019801990200020102020

GDP per person in current US dollars at market exchange rates (IMF WEO).

Source: IMF World Economic Outlook, April 2026

Government budget balance

−3 % of GDP latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Government budget balance1998: 1.1; 2025: −3−4−2024200020052010201520202025

General government net lending (+, surplus) or borrowing (−, deficit), percent of GDP (IMF WEO).

Source: IMF World Economic Outlook, April 2026

Current account balance

−5.9 % of GDP latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Current account balance1980: 2.5; 2025: −5.9−30−20−100102019801990200020102020

Balance of trade in goods and services, income and transfers with the rest of the world, percent of GDP: plus means the country earns abroad more than it spends (IMF WEO).

Source: IMF World Economic Outlook, April 2026

Real house prices

144.9 index, 2010 = 100 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Real house prices1998: 66.1; 2025: 144.9050100150200020052010201520202025

House prices adjusted for consumer price inflation (BIS index from national sources, 2010 = 100, mean of four quarters). Compare the changes, not the levels of different countries.

Source: BIS, selected residential property prices

Society

Urban population

74.2 % of population latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Urban population1960: 37.1; 2025: 74.20204060801960197019801990200020102020

Share of people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices (World Bank, from UN World Urbanization Prospects).

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators

Tertiary enrolment, women

82 % gross latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Tertiary enrolment, women2001: 47.5; 2024: 820204060801002005201020152020

Women enrolled in tertiary education as a share of women in the five-year age group after secondary school; can exceed 100 (UNESCO).

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators

Women with upper secondary education

79 % of women 25+ latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Women with upper secondary education2000: 56.1; 2023: 7902040608020002005201020152020

Share of women aged 25+ who completed at least upper secondary education (UNESCO).

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators

Female labour force participation

50.4 % of women 15+ latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Female labour force participation1990: 44.9; 2025: 50.4020406019901995200020052010201520202025

Share of women aged 15+ who work or look for work (ILO modelled estimate, via the World Bank).

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators

Life expectancy at birth

75.8 years latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Life expectancy at birth1960: 69.2; 2024: 75.80204060801960197019801990200020102020

Life expectancy at birth, both sexes (World Bank, from UN and national statistics).

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators

Digitalisation

Internet users

82.4 % of population latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Internet users1990: 0; 2024: 82.40204060801001990199520002005201020152020

Share of individuals who used the Internet in the last three months from any device. ITU data.

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators

Mobile cellular subscriptions

118.1 per 100 people latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Mobile cellular subscriptions1960: 0; 2024: 118.10501001501960197019801990200020102020

Active mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 people; can exceed 100 when people have several SIM cards. ITU data.

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators

Fixed broadband subscriptions

37 subscriptions per 100 people latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Fixed broadband subscriptions2004: 0.1; 2023: 370102030402005201020152020

Fixed subscriptions to high-speed Internet (256 kbit/s or more) per 100 people. ITU data.

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators

Generative AI use, age 16–74

22.5 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Generative AI use, age 16–742025: 22.5; 2025: 22.5051015202520202025

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Use of generative AI tools: in the last 3 months.

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

Generative AI for private use, age 16–74

20.15 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Generative AI for private use, age 16–742025: 20.15; 2025: 20.15051015202520202025

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Use of generative AI tools: for private purposes.

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

Generative AI for work, age 16–74

8.43 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Generative AI for work, age 16–742025: 8.43; 2025: 8.43024681020202025

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Use of generative AI tools: for professional (work) purposes.

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

Generative AI for formal education, age 16–74

5.17 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Generative AI for formal education, age 16–742025: 5.17; 2025: 5.17024620202025

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Use of generative AI tools: for formal education.

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

Social networking, age 16–74

71.06 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Social networking, age 16–742011: 30.01; 2025: 71.06020406080201520202025

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Internet use: participating in social networks (creating user profile, posting messages or other contributions to facebook, twitter, etc.).

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

Instant messaging, age 16–74

70.96 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Instant messaging, age 16–742019: 46.73; 2025: 70.9602040608020202025

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Internet use: instant messaging, i.e. exchanging messages, for example, via Skype, Messenger, WhatsApp, Viber.

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

Internet calls, age 16–74

75.56 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Internet calls, age 16–742008: 17.45; 2025: 75.560204060802010201520202025

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Internet use: telephoning or video calls.

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

Online news, age 16–74

59.56 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Online news, age 16–742013: 37.85; 2025: 59.560204060201520202025

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Internet use: reading online news sites/newspapers/news magazines.

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

Podcasts, age 16–74

10.76 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Podcasts, age 16–742022: 5.34; 2024: 10.760510152020

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Internet use: listening to or downloading podcasts (last 3 months).

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

Playing or downloading games, age 16–74

15.82 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Playing or downloading games, age 16–742016: 19.58; 2024: 15.82051015202020

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Internet use: playing or downloading games.

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

Online music and downloads, age 16–74

43.28 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Online music and downloads, age 16–742020: 36.02; 2024: 43.28010203040502020

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Internet use: listening to music (e.g. web radio, music streaming) or downloading music.

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

Streamed TV and video, age 16–74

45.4 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Streamed TV and video, age 16–742016: 27.4; 2024: 45.4010203040502020

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Internet use: watching internet streamed TV or videos.

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

Internet TV, age 16–74

27.46 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Internet TV, age 16–742016: 13.61; 2024: 27.4601020302020

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Internet use: watching internet streamed TV (live or catch-up) from TV broadcasters.

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

Video on demand, age 16–74

11.67 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Video on demand, age 16–742016: 4.82; 2024: 11.670510152020

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Internet use: watching video on demand from commercial services.

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

Video-sharing services, age 16–74

32.83 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Video-sharing services, age 16–742016: 22.13; 2024: 32.830102030402020

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Internet use: watching video content from sharing services.

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

Online courses, age 16–74

9.5 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Online courses, age 16–742007: 0.65; 2025: 9.502468102010201520202025

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Internet use: doing an online course (of any subject).

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

Email, age 16–74

51.78 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Email, age 16–742004: 13.6; 2025: 51.78020406020052010201520202025

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Internet use: sending/receiving e-mails.

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

Daily internet use, age 16–74

82.7 % of individuals aged 16–74 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Daily internet use, age 16–742004: 7.41; 2025: 82.702040608010020052010201520202025

Eurostat survey, all individuals aged 16–74, both sexes, not only internet users. Use during the last three months; year denotes survey year. Categories overlap; gaps and definition changes are not filled, source flags are retained in the typed dataset. Frequency of internet access: daily.

Source: Eurostat: internet activities and generative AI use

TikTok: monthly recipients, DSA H1 2025

2.6 million recipients latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: TikTok: monthly recipients, DSA H1 20252025: 2.6; 2025: 2.6012320202025

TikTok DSA report for January–June 2025 (15 April 2026 version), Annex H, pp.26–27. Average monthly active recipients in each of the 27 EU member states, rounded to 100,000 (expressed here in millions). A recipient may access from several countries: country values are not summed as unique people. Provider DSA estimate, not a survey, daily audience, population percentage or count of all residents. The annual chart point represents only H1 2025; other services and periods have their own definitions.

Source: TikTok: DSA Transparency Report, January–June 2025

At least basic digital skills: low education, ages 16–74

14.43 % of individuals in the stated group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: At least basic digital skills: low education, ages 16–742021: 10.31; 2025: 14.4305101520202025

Eurostat survey of individuals aged 16–74; percent of everyone in the stated group, not only internet users. Survey year. DSI 2.0 is a proxy based on reported activities in five areas, not an examination; at least basic overall skills require at least basic skills in all five areas. Education: ISCED 0–2, 3–4, 5–8. Other group characteristics are not controlled. AI use refers to the last three months; purposes can overlap. Source flags and missing values retained; groups and components must not be added.

Source: Eurostat: digital skills and AI by population group

At least basic digital skills: high education, ages 16–74

65.73 % of individuals in the stated group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: At least basic digital skills: high education, ages 16–742021: 63.09; 2025: 65.7302040608020202025

Eurostat survey of individuals aged 16–74; percent of everyone in the stated group, not only internet users. Survey year. DSI 2.0 is a proxy based on reported activities in five areas, not an examination; at least basic overall skills require at least basic skills in all five areas. Education: ISCED 0–2, 3–4, 5–8. Other group characteristics are not controlled. AI use refers to the last three months; purposes can overlap. Source flags and missing values retained; groups and components must not be added.

Source: Eurostat: digital skills and AI by population group

Above basic digital skills: ages 16–74

11.77 % of individuals in the stated group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Above basic digital skills: ages 16–742021: 7.82; 2025: 11.7705101520202025

Eurostat survey of individuals aged 16–74; percent of everyone in the stated group, not only internet users. Survey year. DSI 2.0 is a proxy based on reported activities in five areas, not an examination; at least basic overall skills require at least basic skills in all five areas. Education: ISCED 0–2, 3–4, 5–8. Other group characteristics are not controlled. AI use refers to the last three months; purposes can overlap. Source flags and missing values retained; groups and components must not be added.

Source: Eurostat: digital skills and AI by population group

At least basic digital skills: ages 16–74

38.26 % of individuals in the stated group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: At least basic digital skills: ages 16–742021: 31.18; 2025: 38.2601020304020202025

Eurostat survey of individuals aged 16–74; percent of everyone in the stated group, not only internet users. Survey year. DSI 2.0 is a proxy based on reported activities in five areas, not an examination; at least basic overall skills require at least basic skills in all five areas. Education: ISCED 0–2, 3–4, 5–8. Other group characteristics are not controlled. AI use refers to the last three months; purposes can overlap. Source flags and missing values retained; groups and components must not be added.

Source: Eurostat: digital skills and AI by population group

Communication: at least basic digital skills: ages 16–74

85.34 % of individuals in the stated group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Communication: at least basic digital skills: ages 16–742021: 72.99; 2025: 85.3402040608010020202025

Eurostat survey of individuals aged 16–74; percent of everyone in the stated group, not only internet users. Survey year. DSI 2.0 is a proxy based on reported activities in five areas, not an examination; at least basic overall skills require at least basic skills in all five areas. Education: ISCED 0–2, 3–4, 5–8. Other group characteristics are not controlled. AI use refers to the last three months; purposes can overlap. Source flags and missing values retained; groups and components must not be added.

Source: Eurostat: digital skills and AI by population group

Content creation: at least basic skills: ages 16–74

53.7 % of individuals in the stated group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Content creation: at least basic skills: ages 16–742021: 43.79; 2025: 53.7020406020202025

Eurostat survey of individuals aged 16–74; percent of everyone in the stated group, not only internet users. Survey year. DSI 2.0 is a proxy based on reported activities in five areas, not an examination; at least basic overall skills require at least basic skills in all five areas. Education: ISCED 0–2, 3–4, 5–8. Other group characteristics are not controlled. AI use refers to the last three months; purposes can overlap. Source flags and missing values retained; groups and components must not be added.

Source: Eurostat: digital skills and AI by population group

Information literacy: at least basic skills: ages 16–74

73.64 % of individuals in the stated group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Information literacy: at least basic skills: ages 16–742021: 65; 2025: 73.6402040608020202025

Eurostat survey of individuals aged 16–74; percent of everyone in the stated group, not only internet users. Survey year. DSI 2.0 is a proxy based on reported activities in five areas, not an examination; at least basic overall skills require at least basic skills in all five areas. Education: ISCED 0–2, 3–4, 5–8. Other group characteristics are not controlled. AI use refers to the last three months; purposes can overlap. Source flags and missing values retained; groups and components must not be added.

Source: Eurostat: digital skills and AI by population group

Problem solving: at least basic digital skills: ages 16–74

64.3 % of individuals in the stated group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Problem solving: at least basic digital skills: ages 16–742021: 48.32; 2025: 64.302040608020202025

Eurostat survey of individuals aged 16–74; percent of everyone in the stated group, not only internet users. Survey year. DSI 2.0 is a proxy based on reported activities in five areas, not an examination; at least basic overall skills require at least basic skills in all five areas. Education: ISCED 0–2, 3–4, 5–8. Other group characteristics are not controlled. AI use refers to the last three months; purposes can overlap. Source flags and missing values retained; groups and components must not be added.

Source: Eurostat: digital skills and AI by population group

Safety: at least basic digital skills: ages 16–74

55.11 % of individuals in the stated group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Safety: at least basic digital skills: ages 16–742021: 48.46; 2025: 55.11020406020202025

Eurostat survey of individuals aged 16–74; percent of everyone in the stated group, not only internet users. Survey year. DSI 2.0 is a proxy based on reported activities in five areas, not an examination; at least basic overall skills require at least basic skills in all five areas. Education: ISCED 0–2, 3–4, 5–8. Other group characteristics are not controlled. AI use refers to the last three months; purposes can overlap. Source flags and missing values retained; groups and components must not be added.

Source: Eurostat: digital skills and AI by population group

At least basic digital skills: ages 16–24

52.81 % of individuals in the stated group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: At least basic digital skills: ages 16–242021: 51; 2025: 52.81020406020202025

Eurostat survey of individuals aged 16–74; percent of everyone in the stated group, not only internet users. Survey year. DSI 2.0 is a proxy based on reported activities in five areas, not an examination; at least basic overall skills require at least basic skills in all five areas. Education: ISCED 0–2, 3–4, 5–8. Other group characteristics are not controlled. AI use refers to the last three months; purposes can overlap. Source flags and missing values retained; groups and components must not be added.

Source: Eurostat: digital skills and AI by population group

At least basic digital skills: ages 65–74

9.45 % of individuals in the stated group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: At least basic digital skills: ages 65–742021: 6.11; 2025: 9.45024681020202025

Eurostat survey of individuals aged 16–74; percent of everyone in the stated group, not only internet users. Survey year. DSI 2.0 is a proxy based on reported activities in five areas, not an examination; at least basic overall skills require at least basic skills in all five areas. Education: ISCED 0–2, 3–4, 5–8. Other group characteristics are not controlled. AI use refers to the last three months; purposes can overlap. Source flags and missing values retained; groups and components must not be added.

Source: Eurostat: digital skills and AI by population group

Generative AI use: low education, ages 16–74

13.56 % of individuals in the stated group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Generative AI use: low education, ages 16–742025: 13.56; 2025: 13.5605101520202025

Eurostat survey of individuals aged 16–74; percent of everyone in the stated group, not only internet users. Survey year. DSI 2.0 is a proxy based on reported activities in five areas, not an examination; at least basic overall skills require at least basic skills in all five areas. Education: ISCED 0–2, 3–4, 5–8. Other group characteristics are not controlled. AI use refers to the last three months; purposes can overlap. Source flags and missing values retained; groups and components must not be added.

Source: Eurostat: digital skills and AI by population group

Generative AI use: high education, ages 16–74

41.25 % of individuals in the stated group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Generative AI use: high education, ages 16–742025: 41.25; 2025: 41.250102030405020202025

Eurostat survey of individuals aged 16–74; percent of everyone in the stated group, not only internet users. Survey year. DSI 2.0 is a proxy based on reported activities in five areas, not an examination; at least basic overall skills require at least basic skills in all five areas. Education: ISCED 0–2, 3–4, 5–8. Other group characteristics are not controlled. AI use refers to the last three months; purposes can overlap. Source flags and missing values retained; groups and components must not be added.

Source: Eurostat: digital skills and AI by population group

Generative AI use: ages 16–24

49.98 % of individuals in the stated group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Generative AI use: ages 16–242025: 49.98; 2025: 49.980102030405020202025

Eurostat survey of individuals aged 16–74; percent of everyone in the stated group, not only internet users. Survey year. DSI 2.0 is a proxy based on reported activities in five areas, not an examination; at least basic overall skills require at least basic skills in all five areas. Education: ISCED 0–2, 3–4, 5–8. Other group characteristics are not controlled. AI use refers to the last three months; purposes can overlap. Source flags and missing values retained; groups and components must not be added.

Source: Eurostat: digital skills and AI by population group

Generative AI use: ages 65–74

3.29 % of individuals in the stated group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Generative AI use: ages 65–742025: 3.29; 2025: 3.290123420202025

Eurostat survey of individuals aged 16–74; percent of everyone in the stated group, not only internet users. Survey year. DSI 2.0 is a proxy based on reported activities in five areas, not an examination; at least basic overall skills require at least basic skills in all five areas. Education: ISCED 0–2, 3–4, 5–8. Other group characteristics are not controlled. AI use refers to the last three months; purposes can overlap. Source flags and missing values retained; groups and components must not be added.

Source: Eurostat: digital skills and AI by population group

Snapchat: monthly recipients, H1 2026

0.77 million monthly recipients latest value, 2026

Bulgaria: Snapchat: monthly recipients, H1 20262026: 0.77; 2026: 0.7700.20.40.60.820202025

Snap DSA: average monthly active recipients in January–June 2026, provider estimates. Not daily users, population penetration or advertising reach. Source unit: recipients; displayed in millions. The annual CSV rounds to four decimals; the typed dataset retains the original count. The EU total is separately reported; country values are not added. Snap warns in its H1 2025 report that calculations change and figures are not intended for comparison between periods. This is one snapshot, with no growth rate or comparison to other services’ audiences.

Source: Snapchat: DSA H1 2026

Energy

Electricity demand per person

5,473 kWh per person a year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Electricity demand per person1990: 5,179; 2025: 5,47302,0004,0006,00019901995200020052010201520202025

Electricity demand (generation plus net imports, Ember) divided by the UN WPP 2024 population. A physical measure that is hard to dress up.

Source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data

Electricity demand growth

−1.4 % per year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Electricity demand growth1991: −6.3; 2025: −1.4−15−10−505101995200020052010201520202025

Change in electricity demand from the previous year (Ember). Useful to set against official GDP growth.

Source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data

Wind and solar share of electricity

21.7 % of generation latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Wind and solar share of electricity1990: 0; 2025: 21.7051015202519901995200020052010201520202025

Share of wind and solar power in electricity generation (Ember).

Source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data

Low-carbon share of electricity

71.9 % of generation latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Low-carbon share of electricity1990: 38.9; 2025: 71.902040608019901995200020052010201520202025

Share of renewables and nuclear power in electricity generation (Ember).

Source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data

Coal share of electricity

22.5 % of generation latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Coal share of electricity1990: 50.1; 2025: 22.5020406019901995200020052010201520202025

Share of coal power in electricity generation (Ember).

Source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data

Carbon intensity of electricity

275 g CO2e per kWh latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Carbon intensity of electricity1990: 559; 2025: 275020040060019901995200020052010201520202025

Greenhouse gas emissions of electricity generation per kilowatt-hour (Ember).

Source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data

Electricity generation

38.1 TWh per year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Electricity generation1990: 41.9; 2025: 38.1020406019901995200020052010201520202025

Total electricity generation in the country (Ember). Imports are excluded. A volume, not the share of a fuel.

Source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data

Electricity generation emissions

10.5 Mt CO2e per year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Electricity generation emissions1990: 23.4; 2025: 10.5010203019901995200020052010201520202025

Greenhouse gas emissions of electricity generation (Ember), not of the whole economy.

Source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data

Security

Military expenditure

2.1 % of GDP latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Military expenditure1989: 4.4; 2024: 2.10123451990199520002005201020152020

Government military expenditure, percent of GDP (World Bank, from SIPRI).

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators

Deaths in organised violence

0 persons a year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Deaths in organised violence1989: 0; 2025: 0011990200020102020

Deaths in state-based conflict, non-state conflict and one-sided violence against civilians, by where the events took place (UCDP GED, best estimate). 0 means no organised violence above UCDP thresholds (25 deaths a year in one conflict). Events in Gaza and the West Bank are counted for Palestine.

Source: Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP), GED 26.1

Deaths in organised violence per 100,000

0 per 100,000 people a year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Deaths in organised violence per 100,0001989: 0; 2025: 0011990200020102020

Deaths in organised violence (UCDP GED) per 100,000 people (population: UN WPP 2024).

Source: Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP), GED 26.1

Armed conflict in the country

0 0 none, 1 minor, 2 war latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Armed conflict in the country1946: 0; 2025: 00119501960197019801990200020102020

Strongest armed conflict of the year in which the government or territory of the country is disputed (UCDP/PRIO ACD): 1 = 25-999 battle-related deaths, 2 = war, 1,000 or more. In interstate conflicts every primary party is marked even if the fighting was elsewhere (the USA in Iraq, 2003). Historical states are mapped to present-day countries by territory (USSR, Yugoslavia, South Vietnam and others).

Source: UCDP/PRIO Armed Conflict Dataset 26.1

Battle deaths

0 persons a year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Battle deaths1946: 0; 2025: 00119501960197019801990200020102020

Soldiers and civilians killed in combat in state-based armed conflicts on the territory of the country. 1946-1988: PRIO Battle Deaths (best estimate, else the low one; a conflict of several countries split equally); from 1989: UCDP GED by place of the events. For the same conflicts in 1989-2008 PRIO is 1.6 times UCDP, so the drop in 1989 is partly a change of source. One-sided violence against civilians is not included.

Source: Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP), GED 26.1

Battle deaths per 100,000

0 per 100,000 people a year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Battle deaths per 100,0001950: 0; 2025: 00119501960197019801990200020102020

Battle deaths on the territory of the country (PRIO to 1988, UCDP GED from 1989) per 100,000 people (population: UN WPP 2024), from 1950.

Source: Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP), GED 26.1

Intentional homicides (per 100,000 people)

1.1 per 100,000 people latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Intentional homicides (per 100,000 people)1990: 2.6; 2023: 1.102461990199520002005201020152020

An intentional homicide is defined as an unlawful death inflicted upon a person with the intent to cause death or serious injury.

Source: Intentional homicides (per 100,000 people)

Purchases and money

Average dietary energy requirement

2,488 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Average dietary energy requirement2000: 2,518; 2025: 2,48801,0002,0003,000200020052010201520202025

FAOSTAT FS, Average dietary energy requirement (kcal/cap/day). Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Commercial bank branches (per 100,000 adults)

93.8 per 100,000 adults latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Commercial bank branches (per 100,000 adults)2004: 85; 2024: 93.80204060801002005201020152020

Commercial bank branches are retail locations of resident commercial banks and other resident banks that function as commercial banks that provide financial services to customers and are physically separated from the main office but not organized as legally separated subsidiaries.

Source: Commercial bank branches (per 100,000 adults)

Variation in habitual caloric consumption distribution

0.19 No latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Variation in habitual caloric consumption distribution2001: 0.19; 2024: 0.1900.050.10.150.20.252005201020152020

FAOSTAT FS, Coefficient of variation of habitual caloric consumption distribution (real number). Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider (% of population ages 15+)

84.7 % of people aged 15+ latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider (% of population ages 15+)2011: 52.8; 2024: 84.702040608010020152020

Account denotes the percentage of respondents who report having an account (by themselves or together with someone else) at a bank or another type of financial institution or report personally using a mobile money service in the past 12 months (% age 15+).

Source: Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider (% of population ages 15+)

Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider, male (% of population ages 15+)

84.4 % of men aged 15+ latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider, male (% of population ages 15+)2011: 49.9; 2024: 84.402040608010020152020

Account denotes the percentage of respondents who report having an account (by themselves or together with someone else) at a bank or another type of financial institution or report personally using a mobile money service in the past 12 months (male, % age 15+).

Source: Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider, male (% of population ages 15+)

Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider, female (% of population ages 15+)

85 % of women aged 15+ latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider, female (% of population ages 15+)2011: 55.5; 2024: 8502040608010020152020

Account denotes the percentage of respondents who report having an account (by themselves or together with someone else) at a bank or another type of financial institution or report personally using a mobile money service in the past 12 months (female, % age 15+).

Source: Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider, female (% of population ages 15+)

Alcoholic beverages: energy supply

116.7 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Alcoholic beverages: energy supply2010: 182.99; 2023: 116.7050100150200201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Alcoholic Beverages. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Alcoholic beverages: quantity supply

81.27 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Alcoholic beverages: quantity supply2010: 94.19; 2023: 81.27020406080100201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Alcoholic Beverages. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Animal products: energy supply

737.8 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Animal products: energy supply2010: 629.84; 2023: 737.80200400600800201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Animal Products. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Animal products: fat supply

51.74 g/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Animal products: fat supply2010: 43.21; 2023: 51.740204060201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Animal Products. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Animal products: protein supply

52.78 g/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Animal products: protein supply2010: 44.73; 2023: 52.780204060201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Animal Products. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Bovine meat: energy supply

10.74 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Bovine meat: energy supply2010: 17.67; 2023: 10.7405101520201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Bovine Meat. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Bovine meat: quantity supply

2.81 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Bovine meat: quantity supply2010: 4.81; 2023: 2.81012345201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Bovine Meat. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Cereals excluding beer: energy supply

825.99 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Cereals excluding beer: energy supply2010: 1,014.27; 2023: 825.9905001,0001,500201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Cereals - Excluding Beer. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Cereals excluding beer: quantity supply

109.04 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Cereals excluding beer: quantity supply2010: 144.69; 2023: 109.04050100150200201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Cereals - Excluding Beer. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Coffee and products: energy supply

9.17 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Coffee and products: energy supply2010: 9.15; 2023: 9.17051015201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Coffee and products. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Coffee and products: quantity supply

10.63 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Coffee and products: quantity supply2010: 10.37; 2023: 10.63051015201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Coffee and products. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Eggs: energy supply

17.77 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Eggs: energy supply2010: 31.69; 2023: 17.77010203040201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Eggs. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Eggs: quantity supply

5.2 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Eggs: quantity supply2010: 9.31; 2023: 5.20246810201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Eggs. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Fish and seafood: energy supply

14.95 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Fish and seafood: energy supply2010: 12.74; 2023: 14.9505101520201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Fish, Seafood. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Fish and seafood: fat supply

0.66 g/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Fish and seafood: fat supply2010: 0.59; 2023: 0.6600.20.40.60.8201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Fish, Seafood. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Fish and seafood: protein supply

2.17 g/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Fish and seafood: protein supply2010: 1.81; 2023: 2.1700.511.522.5201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Fish, Seafood. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Fish and seafood: quantity supply

7.18 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Fish and seafood: quantity supply2010: 6.45; 2023: 7.1802468201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Fish, Seafood. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Fruits excluding wine: energy supply

98.53 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Fruits excluding wine: energy supply2010: 55.9; 2023: 98.53050100150201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Fruits - Excluding Wine. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Fruits excluding wine: quantity supply

74.43 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Fruits excluding wine: quantity supply2010: 41.66; 2023: 74.43020406080201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Fruits - Excluding Wine. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Meat: energy supply

269.97 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Meat: energy supply2010: 235.07; 2023: 269.970100200300201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Meat. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Meat: fat supply

18.25 g/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Meat: fat supply2010: 15.72; 2023: 18.2505101520201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Meat. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Meat: protein supply

26.27 g/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Meat: protein supply2010: 23.27; 2023: 26.270102030201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Meat. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Meat: quantity supply

63.74 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Meat: quantity supply2010: 55.79; 2023: 63.74020406080201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Meat. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Milk excluding butter: energy supply

304.17 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Milk excluding butter: energy supply2010: 253; 2023: 304.170100200300400201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Milk - Excluding Butter. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Milk excluding butter: fat supply

18.36 g/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Milk excluding butter: fat supply2010: 14.85; 2023: 18.3605101520201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Milk - Excluding Butter. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Milk excluding butter: protein supply

19.93 g/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Milk excluding butter: protein supply2010: 14.77; 2023: 19.930510152025201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Milk - Excluding Butter. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Milk excluding butter: quantity supply

179.9 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Milk excluding butter: quantity supply2010: 137.59; 2023: 179.9050100150200201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Milk - Excluding Butter. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Treenuts: energy supply

24.34 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Treenuts: energy supply2010: 5.06; 2023: 24.340510152025201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Treenuts. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Treenuts: quantity supply

7.04 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Treenuts: quantity supply2010: 1.3; 2023: 7.0402468201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Treenuts. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Vegetal products: energy supply

2,261.81 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Vegetal products: energy supply2010: 2,145.2; 2023: 2,261.8105001,0001,5002,0002,500201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Vegetal Products. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Vegetal products: fat supply

87.92 g/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Vegetal products: fat supply2010: 53.35; 2023: 87.92020406080100201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Vegetal Products. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Vegetal products: protein supply

33.71 g/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Vegetal products: protein supply2010: 40.06; 2023: 33.7101020304050201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Vegetal Products. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Pigmeat: energy supply

148.23 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Pigmeat: energy supply2010: 119.05; 2023: 148.23050100150200201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Pigmeat. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Pigmeat: quantity supply

32.8 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Pigmeat: quantity supply2010: 26.23; 2023: 32.8010203040201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Pigmeat. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Poultry meat: energy supply

99.59 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Poultry meat: energy supply2010: 85.17; 2023: 99.59020406080100201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Poultry Meat. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Poultry meat: quantity supply

25.91 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Poultry meat: quantity supply2010: 21.99; 2023: 25.910102030201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Poultry Meat. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Pulses: energy supply

17.02 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Pulses: energy supply2010: 21.2; 2023: 17.020510152025201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Pulses. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Pulses: quantity supply

1.94 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Pulses: quantity supply2010: 2.43; 2023: 1.9400.511.522.5201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Pulses. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Starchy roots: energy supply

42.27 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Starchy roots: energy supply2010: 58.09; 2023: 42.270204060201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Starchy Roots. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Starchy roots: quantity supply

25.11 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Starchy roots: quantity supply2010: 33.92; 2023: 25.11010203040201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Starchy Roots. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Sugar and sweeteners: energy supply

325.56 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Sugar and sweeteners: energy supply2010: 301.85; 2023: 325.560100200300400201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Sugar & Sweeteners. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Sugar and sweeteners: quantity supply

48.45 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Sugar and sweeteners: quantity supply2010: 35.73; 2023: 48.450204060201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Sugar & Sweeteners. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Tea including mate: energy supply

0.02 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Tea including mate: energy supply2010: 0.05; 2023: 0.0200.020.040.060.08201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Tea (including mate). Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Tea including mate: quantity supply

0.13 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Tea including mate: quantity supply2010: 0.1; 2023: 0.1300.050.10.150.2201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Tea (including mate). Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

All foods: energy supply

2,999.6 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: All foods: energy supply2010: 2,775.05; 2023: 2,999.601,0002,0003,0004,000201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Grand Total. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

All foods: fat supply

139.66 g/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: All foods: fat supply2010: 96.56; 2023: 139.66050100150201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Grand Total. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

All foods: protein supply

86.49 g/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: All foods: protein supply2010: 84.8; 2023: 86.49020406080100201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Grand Total. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Vegetable oils: energy supply

656.43 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Vegetable oils: energy supply2010: 355.72; 2023: 656.430200400600800201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Vegetable Oils. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Vegetable oils: quantity supply

24.07 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Vegetable oils: quantity supply2010: 11.02; 2023: 24.070510152025201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Vegetable Oils. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Vegetables: energy supply

69.06 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Vegetables: energy supply2010: 50.88; 2023: 69.06020406080201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Vegetables. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Vegetables: quantity supply

100.29 kg/cap latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Vegetables: quantity supply2010: 77.85; 2023: 100.29050100150201020152020

FAOSTAT FBS, Vegetables. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Six or more online purchases in three months

9.1 % of people aged 16-74 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Six or more online purchases in three months2020: 1.3; 2025: 9.1024681020202025

ICT survey, all individuals aged 16-74, not only internet users or buyers. Reference window is defined by the selected Eurostat category; since 2020.

Source: Internet purchases by individuals (2020 onwards)

Healthy-diet animal-source food cost

0.98 Int$ (PPP) per person per day latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: Healthy-diet animal-source food cost2021: 0.98; 2021: 0.9800.20.40.60.8120152020

FAOSTAT CAHD, Cost of animal source foods. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Cost of a healthy diet

5.75 Int$ (PPP) per person per day latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Cost of a healthy diet2017: 3.39; 2025: 5.75024620202025

FAOSTAT CAHD, Cost of a healthy diet (CoHD). Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Healthy-diet fruit cost

0.87 Int$ (PPP) per person per day latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: Healthy-diet fruit cost2021: 0.87; 2021: 0.8700.20.40.60.8120152020

FAOSTAT CAHD, Cost of fruits. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Healthy-diet legumes and nuts cost

0.42 Int$ (PPP) per person per day latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: Healthy-diet legumes and nuts cost2021: 0.42; 2021: 0.4200.10.20.30.40.520152020

FAOSTAT CAHD, Cost of legumes, nuts and seeds. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Healthy-diet oils and fats cost

0.14 Int$ (PPP) per person per day latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: Healthy-diet oils and fats cost2021: 0.14; 2021: 0.1400.050.10.1520152020

FAOSTAT CAHD, Cost of oils and fats. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Healthy-diet starchy-staple cost

0.67 Int$ (PPP) per person per day latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: Healthy-diet starchy-staple cost2021: 0.67; 2021: 0.6700.20.40.60.820152020

FAOSTAT CAHD, Cost of starchy staples. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Unable to afford a healthy diet

20.7 % latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unable to afford a healthy diet2017: 51.7; 2025: 20.7020406020202025

FAOSTAT CAHD, Prevalence of unaffordability (PUA). Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

People unable to afford a healthy diet

1.4 million No latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: People unable to afford a healthy diet2017: 3.7; 2025: 1.40123420202025

FAOSTAT CAHD, Number of people unable to afford a healthy diet (NUA). Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Healthy-diet vegetable cost

0.85 Int$ (PPP) per person per day latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: Healthy-diet vegetable cost2021: 0.85; 2021: 0.8500.20.40.60.8120152020

FAOSTAT CAHD, Cost of vegetables. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)

58.5 % of GDP latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)1980: 55.3; 2025: 58.502040608019801990200020102020

This field includes expenditure on goods and services by the Household and NPISH sector for the direct satisfaction of human needs or wants, whether individual or collective. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.

Source: Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)

Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure per capita (constant 2015 US$)

11,851.2 constant 2015 US dollars latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure per capita (constant 2015 US$)1980: 2,127.2; 2025: 11,851.205,00010,00015,00019801990200020102020

This field includes expenditure on goods and services by the Household and NPISH sector for the direct satisfaction of human needs or wants, whether individual or collective. The core indicator has been divided by the general population to achieve a per capita estimate.This indicator is expressed in constant prices, meaning the series has been adjusted to account for price changes over time. The reference year for this adjustment is 2015. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.

Source: Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure per capita (constant 2015 US$)

Income share held by lowest 20%

6 % of income or consumption latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Income share held by lowest 20%1989: 10.5; 2023: 60510151990199520002005201020152020

Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.

Source: Income share held by lowest 20%

Gini index

39.5 index, 0-100 latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Gini index1989: 23.4; 2023: 39.5010203040501990199520002005201020152020

Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality.

Source: Gini index

Income share held by highest 20%

46.2 % of income or consumption latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Income share held by highest 20%1989: 34; 2023: 46.2010203040501990199520002005201020152020

Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.

Source: Income share held by highest 20%

Minimum dietary energy requirement

1,919 kcal/cap/d latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Minimum dietary energy requirement2000: 1,937; 2025: 1,91905001,0001,5002,000200020052010201520202025

FAOSTAT FS, Minimum dietary energy requirement (kcal/cap/day). Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Adjusted savings: net national savings (% of GNI)

7.4 % of gross national income latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: Adjusted savings: net national savings (% of GNI)1980: 16.7; 2021: 7.4051015202519801990200020102020

Net national savings are equal to gross national savings less the value of consumption of fixed capital. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross National Income (GNI) which is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross domestic product plus earned income receivable from abroad minus earned income payable abroad.

Source: Adjusted savings: net national savings (% of GNI)

Never bought online

26.5 % of people aged 16-74 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Never bought online2020: 31.1; 2025: 26.501020304020202025

ICT survey, all individuals aged 16-74, not only internet users or buyers. Reference window is defined by the selected Eurostat category; since 2020.

Source: Internet purchases by individuals (2020 onwards)

Online purchase in the last year

51.2 % of people aged 16-74 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Online purchase in the last year2020: 31; 2025: 51.2020406020202025

ICT survey, all individuals aged 16-74, not only internet users or buyers. Reference window is defined by the selected Eurostat category; since 2020.

Source: Internet purchases by individuals (2020 onwards)

Online purchase in the last three months

34.8 % of people aged 16-74 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Online purchase in the last three months2020: 15.6; 2025: 34.801020304020202025

ICT survey, all individuals aged 16-74, not only internet users or buyers. Reference window is defined by the selected Eurostat category; since 2020.

Source: Internet purchases by individuals (2020 onwards)

Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population)

1 % of population, 2021 PPP latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population)1989: 0; 2023: 102468101990199520002005201020152020

Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $3.00 a day at 2021 purchasing power adjusted prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions.

Source: Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population)

At risk of poverty or social exclusion

29 % of population latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: At risk of poverty or social exclusion2015: 43.3; 2025: 2901020304050201520202025

Europe 2030 AROPE: at-risk-of-poverty, severe material/social deprivation or very low work intensity, EU-SILC. Not the sum of three rates.

Source: Persons at risk of poverty or social exclusion by age and sex

Caloric losses at retail distribution

1.72 % latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Caloric losses at retail distribution2000: 1.96; 2025: 1.7200.511.52200020052010201520202025

FAOSTAT FS, Incidence of caloric losses at retail distribution level (percent). Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Health

Total alcohol consumption per capita (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, 15+ years of age)

11.6 litres per person aged 15+ latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Total alcohol consumption per capita (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, 15+ years of age)2000: 11.4; 2020: 11.605101520002005201020152020

Total alcohol per capita consumption is defined as the total (sum of recorded and unrecorded alcohol) amount of alcohol consumed per person (15 years of age or older) over a calendar year, in litres of pure alcohol, adjusted for tourist consumption.

Source: Total alcohol consumption per capita (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, 15+ years of age)

Anaemia among women aged 15–49

25.8 % latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Anaemia among women aged 15–492000: 21.8; 2023: 25.8010203020002005201020152020

FAOSTAT FS, Prevalence of anemia among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) (percent). Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Overweight among children under 5

5.5 % latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Overweight among children under 52000: 10.2; 2024: 5.505101520002005201020152020

FAOSTAT FS, Percentage of children under 5 years of age who are overweight (modelled estimates) (percent). Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Prevalence of stunting, height for age (% of children under 5)

7 % of children under 5 latest value, 2014

Bulgaria: Prevalence of stunting, height for age (% of children under 5)2004: 8.8; 2014: 7024681020052010

Prevalence of stunting is the percentage of children under age 5 whose height for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. For children up to two years old height is measured by recumbent length. For older children height is measured by stature while standing. The data are based on the WHO's 2006 Child Growth Standards.

Source: Prevalence of stunting, height for age (% of children under 5)

Wasting among children under 5

5.9 % latest value, 2014

Bulgaria: Wasting among children under 52004: 3.6; 2014: 5.9024620052010

FAOSTAT FS, Percentage of children under 5 years affected by wasting (percent). Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

COVID economic support index

33.6 mean index 0–100 latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: COVID economic support index2020: 50.9; 2022: 33.60204060802020

Mean daily national OxCGRT index with all days present, archived 2020–2022. Codes policies, not compliance, effectiveness or causal impact. Average follows source treatment of vaccination groups.

Source: Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker

COVID containment and health index

31.4 mean index 0–100 latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: COVID containment and health index2020: 36.5; 2022: 31.402040602020

Mean daily national OxCGRT index with all days present, archived 2020–2022. Codes policies, not compliance, effectiveness or causal impact. Average follows source treatment of vaccination groups.

Source: Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker

COVID government response

31.7 mean index 0–100 latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: COVID government response2020: 38.3; 2022: 31.702040602020

Mean daily national OxCGRT index with all days present, archived 2020–2022. Codes policies, not compliance, effectiveness or causal impact. Average follows source treatment of vaccination groups.

Source: Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker

COVID policy stringency

19 mean index 0–100 latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: COVID policy stringency2020: 41.1; 2022: 19010203040502020

Mean daily national OxCGRT index with all days present, archived 2020–2022. Codes policies, not compliance, effectiveness or causal impact. Average follows source treatment of vaccination groups.

Source: Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker

Reported COVID-19 cases

14,618 by report dates in year latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Reported COVID-19 cases2021: 536,498; 2024: 14,6180200,000400,000600,0002020

Sum of WHO weekly reports by report date in a completed year, requiring at least 50 nonmissing values. Reported events, not total infections/deaths. Negative revisions retained; testing and reporting coverage changed.

Source: WHO: reported COVID-19 data

Reported COVID-19 deaths

132 by report dates in year latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Reported COVID-19 deaths2021: 23,405; 2024: 13205,00010,00015,00020,00025,0002020

Sum of WHO weekly reports by report date in a completed year, requiring at least 50 nonmissing values. Reported events, not total infections/deaths. Negative revisions retained; testing and reporting coverage changed.

Source: WHO: reported COVID-19 data

Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79)

7.4 % of people aged 20-79 latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79)2011: 6.7; 2024: 7.40246820152020

Diabetes prevalence refers to the percentage of people ages 20-79 who have type 1 or type 2 diabetes. It is calculated by adjusting to a standard population age-structure.

Source: Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79)

Prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the population (%)

11.6 % of population latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the population (%)2015: 14.9; 2023: 11.60510152020152020

The percentage of people in the population who live in households classified as moderately or severely food insecure. A household is classified as moderately or severely food insecure when at least one adult in the household has reported to have been exposed, at times during the year, to low quality diets and might have been forced to also reduce the quantity of food they would normally eat because of a lack of money or other resources.

Source: Prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the population (%)

Prevalence of severe food insecurity in the population (%)

2 % of population latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Prevalence of severe food insecurity in the population (%)2015: 1.9; 2023: 20123420152020

The percentage of people in the population who live in households classified as severely food insecure. A household is classified as severely food insecure when at least one adult in the household has reported to have been exposed, at times during the year, to several of the most severe experiences described in the FIES questions, such as to have been forced to reduce the quantity of the food, to have skipped meals, having gone hungry, or having to go for a whole day without eating because of a lack of money or other resources.

Source: Prevalence of severe food insecurity in the population (%)

Out-of-pocket expenditure (% of current health expenditure)

35.5 % of current health expenditure latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Out-of-pocket expenditure (% of current health expenditure)2000: 40.4; 2023: 35.50102030405020002005201020152020

Share of out-of-pocket payments of total current health expenditures. Out-of-pocket payments are spending on health directly out-of-pocket by households.

Source: Out-of-pocket expenditure (% of current health expenditure)

Current health expenditure (% of GDP)

7.9 % of GDP latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Current health expenditure (% of GDP)2000: 5.8; 2023: 7.9024681020002005201020152020

Level of current health expenditure expressed as a percentage of GDP. Estimates of current health expenditures include healthcare goods and services consumed during each year. This indicator does not include capital health expenditures such as buildings, machinery, IT and stocks of vaccines for emergency or outbreaks.

Source: Current health expenditure (% of GDP)

Current health expenditure per capita (current US$)

1,257.9 current US dollars latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Current health expenditure per capita (current US$)2000: 94.5; 2023: 1,257.905001,0001,50020002005201020152020

Current expenditures on health per capita in current US dollars. Estimates of current health expenditures include healthcare goods and services consumed during each year.

Source: Current health expenditure per capita (current US$)

Healthy life years at age 65, men

11 years latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Healthy life years at age 65, men2006: 11.5; 2024: 11051015201020152020

Expected years without activity limitation, EU-SILC/Eurostat, combining mortality and self-reported limitation. Different from IHME healthy life years.

Source: Healthy life years by sex (from 2004 onwards)

Healthy life years at age 65, women

12.7 years latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Healthy life years at age 65, women2006: 13.7; 2024: 12.7051015201020152020

Expected years without activity limitation, EU-SILC/Eurostat, combining mortality and self-reported limitation. Different from IHME healthy life years.

Source: Healthy life years by sex (from 2004 onwards)

Healthy life years at birth, men

66.8 years latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Healthy life years at birth, men2006: 66.2; 2024: 66.8020406080201020152020

Expected years without activity limitation, EU-SILC/Eurostat, combining mortality and self-reported limitation. Different from IHME healthy life years.

Source: Healthy life years by sex (from 2004 onwards)

Healthy life years at birth, women

71.4 years latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Healthy life years at birth, women2006: 71.9; 2024: 71.4020406080201020152020

Expected years without activity limitation, EU-SILC/Eurostat, combining mortality and self-reported limitation. Different from IHME healthy life years.

Source: Healthy life years by sex (from 2004 onwards)

Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)

0.1 % of people aged 15-49 latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)1990: 0.1; 2024: 0.10000.10.10.10.11990199520002005201020152020

Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV.

Source: Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)

Hospital beds (per 1,000 people)

8.2 per 1,000 people latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Hospital beds (per 1,000 people)1960: 6.2; 2023: 8.20510151960197019801990200020102020

Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included.

Source: Hospital beds (per 1,000 people)

Low birthweight

11.4 % latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Low birthweight2000: 10.5; 2020: 11.405101520002005201020152020

FAOSTAT FS, Prevalence of low birthweight (percent). Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people)

4.2 per 1,000 people latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people)1990: 7; 2023: 4.2024681990199520002005201020152020

Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses.

Source: Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people)

Obesity among adults aged 18+

20.3 % latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Obesity among adults aged 18+2000: 14; 2024: 20.3051015202520002005201020152020

FAOSTAT FS, Prevalence of obesity in the adult population (18 years and older) (percent). Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Physicians (per 1,000 people)

4.3 per 1,000 people latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: Physicians (per 1,000 people)1960: 1.4; 2022: 4.30123451960197019801990200020102020

Physicians include generalist and specialist medical practitioners.

Source: Physicians (per 1,000 people)

Mortality caused by road traffic injury (per 100,000 population)

9.2 per 100,000 people latest value, 2019

Bulgaria: Mortality caused by road traffic injury (per 100,000 population)2000: 13; 2019: 9.20510152000200520102015

Mortality caused by road traffic injury is estimated road traffic fatal injury deaths per 100,000 population.

Source: Mortality caused by road traffic injury (per 100,000 population)

Bad or very bad self-rated health

7.8 % of people aged 16+ in group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Bad or very bad self-rated health2005: 18; 2025: 7.80510152020052010201520202025

Self-rated bad or very bad health, EU-SILC, both sexes aged 16+. Not a medical diagnosis.

Source: Self-perceived health by sex, age and income quintile

Bad or very bad self-rated health in the highest income quintile

2.9 % of people aged 16+ in group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Bad or very bad self-rated health in the highest income quintile2005: 7.7; 2025: 2.90246820052010201520202025

Self-rated bad or very bad health, EU-SILC, both sexes aged 16+. Not a medical diagnosis.

Source: Self-perceived health by sex, age and income quintile

Bad or very bad self-rated health in the lowest income quintile

11.4 % of people aged 16+ in group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Bad or very bad self-rated health in the lowest income quintile2005: 25.8; 2025: 11.4010203020052010201520202025

Self-rated bad or very bad health, EU-SILC, both sexes aged 16+. Not a medical diagnosis.

Source: Self-perceived health by sex, age and income quintile

Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 population)

9.5 per 100,000 people latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 population)2000: 18.2; 2021: 9.50510152020002005201020152020

Suicide mortality rate is the number of suicide deaths in a year per 100,000 population. Crude suicide rate (not age-adjusted).

Source: Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 population)

Prevalence of current tobacco use (% of adults)

38.7 % of adults latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Prevalence of current tobacco use (% of adults)2000: 44; 2024: 38.70102030405020002005201020152020

The percentage of the population ages 15 years and over who currently use any tobacco product (smoked and/or smokeless tobacco) on a daily or non-daily basis. Tobacco products include cigarettes, pipes, cigars, cigarillos, waterpipes (hookah, shisha), bidis, kretek, heated tobacco products, and all forms of smokeless (oral and nasal) tobacco. Tobacco products exclude e-cigarettes (which do not contain tobacco), “e-cigars”, “e-hookahs”, JUUL and “e-pipes”. The rates are age-standardized to the WHO Standard Population.

Source: Prevalence of current tobacco use (% of adults)

Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people)

12 per 100,000 people latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people)2000: 83; 2024: 1202040608010020002005201020152020

Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new and relapse tuberculosis cases arising in a given year, expressed as the rate per 100,000 population. All forms of TB are included, including cases in people living with HIV. Estimates for all years are recalculated as new information becomes available and techniques are refined, so they may differ from those published previously.

Source: Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people)

Prevalence of undernourishment (% of population)

2.5 % of population latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Prevalence of undernourishment (% of population)2001: 4.9; 2023: 2.5024682005201020152020

Prevalence of undernourishment is the percentage of the population whose habitual food consumption is insufficient to provide the dietary energy levels that are required to maintain a normal active and healthy life. Data showing as 2.5 may signify a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.

Source: Prevalence of undernourishment (% of population)

Unmet medical examination needs in the highest income quintile

0.3 % of people aged 16+ in group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unmet medical examination needs in the highest income quintile2008: 8.6; 2025: 0.302468102010201520202025

Self-reported unmet medical examination needs due to cost, distance or waiting lists, EU-SILC, age 16+. Source flags and questionnaire changes are preserved; do not add reasons.

Source: Self-reported unmet needs for medical examination by sex, age, main reason declared and income quintile

Unmet medical examination needs in the lowest income quintile

2.1 % of people aged 16+ in group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unmet medical examination needs in the lowest income quintile2008: 28.8; 2025: 2.101020302010201520202025

Self-reported unmet medical examination needs due to cost, distance or waiting lists, EU-SILC, age 16+. Source flags and questionnaire changes are preserved; do not add reasons.

Source: Self-reported unmet needs for medical examination by sex, age, main reason declared and income quintile

Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months)

94 % of children aged 12-23 months latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months)1980: 98; 2024: 9402040608010019801990200020102020

Child immunization, DPT, measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received DPT vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.

Source: Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months)

Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)

94 % of children aged 12-23 months latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)1980: 98; 2024: 9402040608010019801990200020102020

Child immunization, measles, measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received the measles vaccination before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.

Source: Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)

Culture and time

International tourism, receipts (current US$)

1,792,000,000 current US dollars latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: International tourism, receipts (current US$)1995: 662,000,000; 2020: 1,792,000,00002,000,000,0004,000,000,0006,000,000,000199520002005201020152020

International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except when these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include receipts for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Source: International tourism, receipts (current US$)

International tourism, number of arrivals

4,973,000 arrivals per year latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: International tourism, number of arrivals1995: 8,005,000; 2020: 4,973,00005,000,00010,000,00015,000,000199520002005201020152020

International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival.

Source: International tourism, number of arrivals

Land and housing

Agricultural land (% of land area)

46.1 % of land area latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Agricultural land (% of land area)1961: 51.3; 2023: 46.10204060197019801990200020102020

Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.

Source: Agricultural land (% of land area)

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added per worker (constant 2015 US$)

18,625.7 constant 2015 US dollars latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added per worker (constant 2015 US$)1991: 13,189.2; 2025: 18,625.705,00010,00015,00020,0001995200020052010201520202025

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing corresponds to ISIC (Rev. 4) divisions 01-03 and includes the exploitation of vegetal and animal natural resources, comprising the activities of growing of crops, raising and breeding of animals, harvesting of timber and other plants, animals or animal products from a farm or their natural habitats.Value added is the contribution to the economy by a producer or an industry or an institutional sector, which is estimated by the total value of output produced and deducting the total value of intermediate consumption of goods and services used to produce that output. This indicator is expressed in constant prices, meaning the series has been adjusted to account for price changes over time. The reference year for this adjustment is 2015. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.

Source: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added per worker (constant 2015 US$)

Land used for aquaculture

1.66 1000 ha latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Land used for aquaculture2018: 1.21; 2024: 1.6600.511.522.52020

FAOSTAT RL, Land used for aquaculture. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Price of arable land

8,679 euro per hectare latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Price of arable land2011: 2,112; 2024: 8,67902,0004,0006,0008,00010,00020152020

Published agricultural land price excluding buildings, national Eurostat series. Transaction composition and coverage differ.

Source: Agricultural land prices by region

Annual rent of arable land

305 euro per hectare per year latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Annual rent of arable land2011: 153; 2024: 305010020030040020152020

Published annual agricultural land rental price, national Eurostat series. Not a purchase price.

Source: Agricultural land renting prices for one year by region

Arable land (% of land area)

32.1 % of land area latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Arable land (% of land area)1961: 38.4; 2023: 32.1010203040197019801990200020102020

Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.

Source: Arable land (% of land area)

Cereal yield (kg per hectare)

5,223.8 kg per hectare latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Cereal yield (kg per hectare)1961: 1,746.6; 2023: 5,223.802,0004,0006,000197019801990200020102020

Cereal yield, measured as kilograms per hectare of harvested land, includes wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, millet, sorghum, buckwheat, and mixed grains. Production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded. The FAO allocates production data to the calendar year in which the bulk of the harvest took place. Most of a crop harvested near the end of a year will be used in the following year.

Source: Cereal yield (kg per hectare)

Certified organic agricultural land

78.62 1000 ha latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Certified organic agricultural land2006: 3; 2024: 78.62050100150200201020152020

FAOSTAT RL, Agriculture area certified organic. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Housing cost overburden

6.9 % of population latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Housing cost overburden2006: 15.4; 2025: 6.905101520252010201520202025

People in households with housing costs exceeding 40% of disposable income, EU-SILC; all ages and sexes.

Source: Housing cost overburden rate by age, sex and poverty status

Actually irrigated agricultural land

34.26 1000 ha latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Actually irrigated agricultural land2003: 79; 2024: 34.260204060801002005201020152020

FAOSTAT RL, Agriculture area actually irrigated. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Land equipped for irrigation

747.11 1000 ha latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Land equipped for irrigation1961: 720; 2024: 747.1105001,0001,500197019801990200020102020

FAOSTAT RL, Land area equipped for irrigation. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Age of leaving the parental household

27.9 years, estimate latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Age of leaving the parental household2004: 28.3; 2025: 27.901020304020052010201520202025

Estimated mean age of leaving the parental household under the Eurostat method, both sexes. Not the mean age of observed moves during the year.

Source: Estimated average age of young persons leaving the parental household

Cropland under zero or no tillage

4.84 1000 ha latest value, 2016

Bulgaria: Cropland under zero or no tillage2016: 4.84; 2016: 4.8401234520102015

FAOSTAT RL, Cropland area under zero or no tillage. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Price of permanent grassland

1,877 euro per hectare latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Price of permanent grassland2011: 1,058; 2024: 1,87705001,0001,5002,00020152020

Published agricultural land price excluding buildings, national Eurostat series. Transaction composition and coverage differ.

Source: Agricultural land prices by region

Annual rent of permanent grassland

123 euro per hectare per year latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Annual rent of permanent grassland2011: 66; 2024: 12305010015020152020

Published annual agricultural land rental price, national Eurostat series. Not a purchase price.

Source: Agricultural land renting prices for one year by region

Planted forest

734 1000 ha latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Planted forest1990: 1,032; 2025: 73405001,0001,50019901995200020052010201520202025

FAOSTAT RL, Planted Forest. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Primary forest

596 1000 ha latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Primary forest1990: 157; 2025: 596020040060080019901995200020052010201520202025

FAOSTAT RL, Primary Forest. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Everyday environment

Air transport, passengers carried

723,825 passengers per year latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Air transport, passengers carried1970: 988,900; 2023: 723,8250500,0001,000,0001,500,0002,000,0002,500,000197019801990200020102020

Air carrier data per country refers to passengers carried by airlines registered in that country regardless of the origin or destination of the passengers.

Source: Air transport, passengers carried

Unable to keep home adequately warm

16.1 % of population in group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unable to keep home adequately warm2005: 69.5; 2025: 16.102040608020052010201520202025

Self-reported inability to keep home adequately warm, EU-SILC. The at-risk group has income below 60% of the national median.

Source: Inability to keep home adequately warm

Unable to keep home adequately warm (at risk of poverty)

33.1 % of population in group latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unable to keep home adequately warm (at risk of poverty)2005: 79; 2025: 33.102040608010020052010201520202025

Self-reported inability to keep home adequately warm, EU-SILC. The at-risk group has income below 60% of the national median.

Source: Inability to keep home adequately warm

Access to electricity (% of population)

100 % of population latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Access to electricity (% of population)1990: 100; 2024: 1000204060801001201990199520002005201020152020

Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.

Source: Access to electricity (% of population)

Fertilizer consumption (kilograms per hectare of arable land)

128.3 kg of nutrients per hectare latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Fertilizer consumption (kilograms per hectare of arable land)1961: 33.8; 2023: 128.30100200300197019801990200020102020

Fertilizer consumption measures the quantity of plant nutrients used per unit of arable land. Fertilizer products cover nitrogenous, potash, and phosphate fertilizers (including ground rock phosphate). Traditional nutrients--animal and plant manures--are not included. For the purpose of data dissemination, FAO has adopted the concept of a calendar year (January to December). Some countries compile fertilizer data on a calendar year basis, while others are on a split-year basis. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.

Source: Fertilizer consumption (kilograms per hectare of arable land)

Forest area (% of land area)

36.2 % of land area latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Forest area (% of land area)1990: 30.1; 2023: 36.20102030401990199520002005201020152020

Forest area (% of land area) is the share of total land area that is under natural or planted stands of trees of at least 5 meters in situ, whether productive or not, and excludes tree stands in agricultural production systems (for example, in fruit plantations and agroforestry systems) and trees in urban parks and gardens.

Source: Forest area (% of land area)

Household electricity price

0.13 euro per kWh, mean of both half-years latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Household electricity price2008: 0.08; 2025: 0.1300.050.10.152010201520202025

Arithmetic mean of both half-year prices including taxes in the selected Eurostat consumption band. Partial years excluded; not a sales-weighted annual price.

Source: Electricity prices for household consumers - bi-annual data (from 2007 onwards)

Household gas price

0.07 euro per kWh, mean of both half-years latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Household gas price2008: 0.04; 2025: 0.0700.020.040.060.080.12010201520202025

Arithmetic mean of both half-year prices including taxes in the selected Eurostat consumption band. Partial years excluded; not a sales-weighted annual price.

Source: Gas prices for household consumers - bi-annual data

Land temperature anomaly

2.18 °C latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Land temperature anomaly1961: 0.87; 2025: 2.1801234197019801990200020102020

FAOSTAT ET, Meteorological year. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.

Source: FAO: FAOSTAT

Municipal waste generated

490 kg per inhabitant latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Municipal waste generated1995: 694; 2023: 4900200400600800199520002005201020152020

Municipal waste by treatment operation, Eurostat, kg per inhabitant. National scope of municipal waste differs.

Source: Municipal waste by waste management operations

Municipal waste landfilled

217 kg per inhabitant latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Municipal waste landfilled1995: 531; 2023: 2170200400600199520002005201020152020

Municipal waste by treatment operation, Eurostat, kg per inhabitant. National scope of municipal waste differs.

Source: Municipal waste by waste management operations

Municipal waste recycled

82 kg per inhabitant latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Municipal waste recycled1995: 0; 2023: 82050100150200199520002005201020152020

Municipal waste by treatment operation, Eurostat, kg per inhabitant. National scope of municipal waste differs.

Source: Municipal waste by waste management operations

PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter)

19.7 micrograms/m³, annual mean exposure latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter)1990: 31.8; 2023: 19.70102030401990199520002005201020152020

Population-weighted exposure to ambient PM2.5 pollution is defined as the average level of exposure of a nation's population to concentrations of suspended particles measuring less than 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter, which are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing severe health damage. Exposure is calculated by weighting mean annual concentrations of PM2.5 by population in both urban and rural areas.

Source: PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter)

Railways, passengers carried (million passenger-km)

1,205 million passenger-km latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: Railways, passengers carried (million passenger-km)1995: 4,693; 2021: 1,20502,0004,0006,000199520002005201020152020

Passengers carried by railway are the number of passengers transported by rail multiplied by kilometers traveled.

Source: Railways, passengers carried (million passenger-km)

People using safely managed drinking water services (% of population)

96.2 % of population latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: People using safely managed drinking water services (% of population)2000: 89.6; 2024: 96.202040608010020002005201020152020

The percentage of people using drinking water from an improved source that is accessible on premises, available when needed and free from fecal and priority chemical contamination. Improved water sources include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water.

Source: People using safely managed drinking water services (% of population)

People using safely managed sanitation services (% of population)

75.7 % of population latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: People using safely managed sanitation services (% of population)2000: 54.9; 2024: 75.702040608020002005201020152020

The percentage of people using improved sanitation facilities that are not shared with other households and where excreta are safely disposed of in situ or transported and treated offsite. Improved sanitation facilities include flush/pour flush to piped sewer systems, septic tanks or pit latrines: ventilated improved pit latrines, composting toilets or pit latrines with slabs.

Source: People using safely managed sanitation services (% of population)

Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources

40.2 % of available freshwater resources latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources1980: 104.8; 2022: 40.205010015019801990200020102020

The level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources is the ratio between total freshwater withdrawn by all major sectors and total renewable freshwater resources, after taking into account environmental water requirements. Main sectors, as defined by ISIC standards, include agriculture; forestry and fishing; manufacturing; electricity industry; and services. This indicator is also known as water withdrawal intensity.

Source: Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources

Work and skills

Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)

98.4 % of people aged 15+ latest value, 2011

Bulgaria: Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)2001: 98.2; 2011: 98.402040608010020052010

Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.

Source: Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)

Children out of school (% of primary school age)

5.9 % of primary-school-age children latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Children out of school (% of primary school age)2001: 1.6; 2024: 5.902462005201020152020

Children out of school are the percentage of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Children in the official primary age group that are in preprimary education should be considered out of school.

Source: Children out of school (% of primary school age)

Early leavers from education and training

8.6 % of people aged 18-24 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Early leavers from education and training2001: 20.5; 2025: 8.6051015202520052010201520202025

People aged 18-24 with at most lower secondary education and no recent education/training, Eurostat LFS.

Source: Early leavers from education and training by labour status

Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP)

4.5 % of GDP latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP)1980: 3.5; 2022: 4.5024619801990200020102020

General government expenditure on education (current, capital, and transfers) is expressed as a percentage of GDP. It includes expenditure funded by transfers from international sources to government. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.

Source: Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP)

Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate)

54.1 % of population aged 15+ latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate)1991: 44.6; 2025: 54.102040601995200020052010201520202025

Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed.

Source: Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate)

Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate)

56.1 % of population aged 15+ latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate)1990: 50.3; 2025: 56.1020406019901995200020052010201520202025

Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.

Source: Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate)

Learning poverty: Share of Children at the End-of-Primary age below minimum reading proficiency adjusted by Out-of-School Children (%)

18.2 % of children of end-of-primary age latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: Learning poverty: Share of Children at the End-of-Primary age below minimum reading proficiency adjusted by Out-of-School Children (%)2001: 16.3; 2021: 18.2051015202005201020152020

The share of 10-year-olds who cannot read and understand a short passage of age-appropriate material—in other words, those who are below the “minimum proficiency” threshold for reading. This measure is defined as the union of two deprivations: 1) schooling deprivation and 2) learning deprivation. A child is considered schooling-deprived (SD) if he or she is of primary school age and out-of-school. The dimension of learning deprivation (LD) applies only for children in school, and identifies those pupils who are below the minimum proficiency level (MPL) for reading, as defined by the Global Alliance to Monitor Learning (GAML), measured in standard learning assessments, and reported in the context of the SDG 4.1.1b monitoring. This “union approach” to measurement reflects the choice that, as presented in the SDGs, all age 10 children must be both in school and learning. The final learning poverty measure combines the two dimensions in a single indicator using the following formula: LP = SD + [(1-SD) x LD]

Source: Learning poverty: Share of Children at the End-of-Primary age below minimum reading proficiency adjusted by Out-of-School Children (%)

New business density (new registrations per 1,000 people ages 15-64)

10.5 per 1,000 people aged 15-64 latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: New business density (new registrations per 1,000 people ages 15-64)2008: 7.3; 2024: 10.5051015201020152020

The number of newly registered firms with limited liability per 1,000 working-age people (ages 15-64) per calendar year.

Source: New business density (new registrations per 1,000 people ages 15-64)

Part-time employment

1.7 % of employed people aged 15-64 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Part-time employment2009: 2.1; 2025: 1.700.511.522.532010201520202025

Employed people aged 15-64 working part-time as a share of employment, Eurostat LFS, both sexes.

Source: Part-time employment and temporary contracts - annual data

Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)

94.6 % of relevant age group latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)2001: 101.3; 2024: 94.60501001502005201020152020

Primary completion rate, or gross intake ratio to the last grade of primary education, is the number of new entrants (enrollments minus repeaters) in the last grade of primary education, regardless of age, divided by the population at the entrance age for the last grade of primary education. Data limitations preclude adjusting for students who drop out during the final year of primary education.

Source: Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)

Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)

6.9 % of employment latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)1991: 10.7; 2025: 6.90510151995200020052010201520202025

Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.

Source: Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)

Actual weekly hours worked

38.6 hours latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Actual weekly hours worked2008: 41; 2025: 38.6010203040502010201520202025

Mean actual hours in the main job among those who worked in the reference week, age 15+, both sexes and all employment types/industries, Eurostat LFS. Full-week absentees excluded.

Source: Average actual weekly hours worked in the main job of persons who worked in this job during the reference week by professional status, full-time/part-time employment and economic activity (NACE Rev. 2) (2008-2026)

Literacy rate, youth total (% of people ages 15-24)

97.9 % of people aged 15-24 latest value, 2011

Bulgaria: Literacy rate, youth total (% of people ages 15-24)2001: 98.2; 2011: 97.902040608010020052010

Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.

Source: Literacy rate, youth total (% of people ages 15-24)

Share of youth not in education, employment or training, total (% of youth population)

10.9 % of youth aged 15-24 latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Share of youth not in education, employment or training, total (% of youth population)2001: 29.7; 2024: 10.901020302005201020152020

The share of youth not in education, employment or training (also known as “the NEET rate”) conveys the number of young persons not in education, employment or training as a percentage of the total youth population. Youth not in education are those who were neither enrolled in school nor in a formal training program (e.g. vocational training). For the purposes of this indicator, youth is defined as all persons between the ages of 15 and 24 (inclusive).

Source: Share of youth not in education, employment or training, total (% of youth population)

Science, space and technology

GitHub developer accounts at year end

337,077 accounts latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: GitHub developer accounts at year end2020: 126,053; 2025: 337,0770100,000200,000300,000400,00020202025

Fourth-quarter end snapshot; includes inactive accounts/organizations/repositories. GitHub Innovation Graph: public GitHub activity only. Geography reflects mode location, not nationality. Suppressed small groups are not zeros; not a professional-programmer count.

Source: GitHub Innovation Graph

GitHub git pushes

2,065,653 git pushes latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: GitHub git pushes2020: 987,617; 2025: 2,065,6530500,0001,000,0001,500,0002,000,0002,500,00020202025

Sum of all four published quarters of git pushes. One push may include multiple commits. GitHub Innovation Graph: public GitHub activity only. Geography reflects mode location, not nationality. Suppressed small groups are not zeros; not a professional-programmer count.

Source: GitHub Innovation Graph

GitHub organizations at year end

20,404 organizations latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: GitHub organizations at year end2020: 10,186; 2025: 20,40405,00010,00015,00020,00025,00020202025

Fourth-quarter end snapshot; includes inactive accounts/organizations/repositories. GitHub Innovation Graph: public GitHub activity only. Geography reflects mode location, not nationality. Suppressed small groups are not zeros; not a professional-programmer count.

Source: GitHub Innovation Graph

GitHub repositories at year end

816,564 repositories latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: GitHub repositories at year end2020: 323,676; 2025: 816,5640200,000400,000600,000800,0001,000,00020202025

Fourth-quarter end snapshot; includes inactive accounts/organizations/repositories. GitHub Innovation Graph: public GitHub activity only. Geography reflects mode location, not nationality. Suppressed small groups are not zeros; not a professional-programmer count.

Source: GitHub Innovation Graph

High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)

13.4 % of manufactured exports latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)2007: 6.3; 2024: 13.4051015201020152020

High-technology exports are products with high R&D intensity, such as in aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery.

Source: High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)

Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)

0.8 % of GDP latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)1996: 0.4; 2023: 0.800.20.40.60.8120002005201020152020

Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.

Source: Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)

R&D expenditure per inhabitant

124.9 euro per inhabitant latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: R&D expenditure per inhabitant1987: 79.3; 2024: 124.90501001501990200020102020

Gross domestic R&D expenditure, all sectors, current euro per inhabitant, Eurostat. Exchange-rate and inflation changes remain.

Source: GERD by sector of performance

Researchers in R&D (per million people)

2,400.6 full-time equivalents per million people latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Researchers in R&D (per million people)1996: 1,771.9; 2023: 2,400.601,0002,0003,00020002005201020152020

The number of researchers engaged in Research &Development (R&D), expressed as per million. Researchers are professionals who conduct research and improve or develop concepts, theories, models techniques instrumentation, software of operational methods. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.

Source: Researchers in R&D (per million people)

Patent applications, residents

165 applications per year latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: Patent applications, residents1980: 3,297; 2021: 16501,0002,0003,0004,00019801990200020102020

Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years.

Source: Patent applications, residents

Business R&D, % of GDP

0.5 % of GDP latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Business R&D, % of GDP1991: 0.57; 2024: 0.500.20.40.60.8199520002005201020152020

BERD — R&D performed by businesses, as a share of GDP. It is part of GERD; the rest is performed by government institutes, universities and non-profits. Counted by who performs the work, not by who pays for it. OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators.

Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators (MSTI)

Government-sector R&D, % of GDP

0.21 % of GDP latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Government-sector R&D, % of GDP1991: 0.39; 2024: 0.2100.10.20.30.40.5199520002005201020152020

GOVERD — R&D performed by government research bodies (excluding universities), as a share of GDP. Part of GERD; counted by performer, not by source of funds. OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators.

Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators (MSTI)

University R&D, % of GDP

0.06 % of GDP latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: University R&D, % of GDP1991: 0.09; 2024: 0.0600.020.040.060.080.1199520002005201020152020

HERD — R&D performed by universities and other higher-education institutions, as a share of GDP. Part of GERD; counted by performer, not by source of funds. OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators.

Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators (MSTI)

R&D funded by business

31.1 % of GERD latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: R&D funded by business1987: 59.8; 2023: 31.10204060801990200020102020

Share of all domestic R&D spending (GERD) paid for by businesses, whoever performed the work. GERD is all R&D performed in the country, whoever performs it: businesses, government institutes, universities and non-profits (Frascati Manual). OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators.

Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators (MSTI)

R&D funded by government

26.4 % of GERD latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: R&D funded by government1987: 40.2; 2023: 26.40204060801990200020102020

Share of all domestic R&D spending (GERD) paid for by government, including public money for universities. GERD is all R&D performed in the country, whoever performs it: businesses, government institutes, universities and non-profits (Frascati Manual). OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators.

Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators (MSTI)

R&D funded from abroad

41.9 % of GERD latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: R&D funded from abroad1995: 0; 2023: 41.90204060199520002005201020152020

Share of domestic R&D spending (GERD) paid for from abroad: foreign companies, international organisations, EU programmes. GERD is all R&D performed in the country, whoever performs it: businesses, government institutes, universities and non-profits (Frascati Manual). OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators.

Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators (MSTI)

R&D spending, billion dollars

1.5 billion USD PPP, 2020 prices latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: R&D spending, billion dollars1991: 1.4; 2024: 1.500.511.52199520002005201020152020

All domestic R&D spending (GERD) in billions of US dollars at purchasing power parity, constant 2020 prices, so years compare without inflation. GERD is all R&D performed in the country, whoever performs it: businesses, government institutes, universities and non-profits (Frascati Manual). OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators.

Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators (MSTI)

Researchers per 1,000 employed

5 per 1,000 employed, FTE latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Researchers per 1,000 employed1995: 4; 2024: 50246199520002005201020152020

Researchers in full-time equivalents (FTE: two half-timers count as one) per 1,000 people employed. Researchers only, excluding technicians and support staff; not a headcount. OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators.

Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators (MSTI)

Researchers, thousands

17.6 thousand full-time equivalents latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Researchers, thousands1993: 27.3; 2024: 17.60102030199520002005201020152020

Researchers in all sectors in full-time equivalents (two half-timers count as one), thousands. Excludes technicians and support staff; the headcount is usually larger. OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators.

Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators (MSTI)

Government R&D budget, billion dollars

0.5 billion USD PPP, 2020 prices latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Government R&D budget, billion dollars2004: 0.4; 2024: 0.500.10.20.30.40.52005201020152020

GBARD — R&D appropriations in the central government budget, billions of US dollars at PPP, 2020 prices. A budget, not GERD spending: it includes money spent abroad and given to international organisations, and excludes business money. OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators.

Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators (MSTI)

Defence share of government R&D budget

0.4 % of GBARD latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Defence share of government R&D budget2007: 0.4; 2024: 0.401234201020152020

Share of government R&D appropriations (GBARD) earmarked for defence. GBARD is a budget, not actual spending. OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators.

Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators (MSTI)

Space share of civil government R&D budget

1.2 % of civil GBARD latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Space share of civil government R&D budget2007: 3.2; 2024: 1.201234201020152020

Share of civil government R&D appropriations (GBARD excluding defence) for space exploration and exploitation. Military space is not included. OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators.

Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators (MSTI)

Triadic patent families

7 families per year latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Triadic patent families1985: 9; 2023: 70510151990200020102020

Inventions filed at all three of the European, Japanese and US patent offices, by inventors' country and priority year, fractionally counted across co-inventing countries. Applications, not grants; counts inventions, not individual filings. OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators.

Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators (MSTI)

Government R&D budget, % of GDP

0.24 % of GDP latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Government R&D budget, % of GDP2004: 0.31; 2024: 0.2400.10.20.30.42005201020152020

GBARD — central government R&D appropriations as a share of GDP, both in national currency at current prices from the same OECD table. A budget, not GERD spending; business money is not included. OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators.

Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators (MSTI)

Business R&D per inhabitant

81.3 euro per inhabitant latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Business R&D per inhabitant1987: 35.3; 2024: 81.30204060801001990200020102020

R&D performed by businesses (BERD), euros at current prices per inhabitant. Counted by who performs the work, not by who pays. Eurostat, rd_e_gerdtot (sector BES).

Source: Eurostat research and development statistics

Researchers, thousand people

25.1 thousand people latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Researchers, thousand people1980: 38.7; 2024: 25.1020406019801990200020102020

Number of people working as researchers in all sectors — each person counts once, however many hours they spend on research (headcount). Hence larger than full-time equivalents (researchers_fte). Eurostat, rd_p_persocc.

Source: Eurostat research and development statistics

Women among researchers

48.6 % of researchers latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Women among researchers1996: 41.3; 2023: 48.60102030405020002005201020152020

Share of women among researchers in all sectors (business, government, higher education, non-profit), by headcount: each person counts once, however many hours they spend on research. Not the share among paper authors or inventors. UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), indicator FRESP.THC.

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS): science, technology and innovation

Patent applications by origin, worldwide

421 applications per year latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Patent applications by origin, worldwide1980: 3,303; 2024: 42101,0002,0003,0004,00019801990200020102020

All applications for patents for inventions filed in a year by applicants from the country at any patent office worldwide — at home and abroad (direct filings and PCT national phase entries). Country = first applicant's address (origin), not the filing office. Applications, not grants; one invention filed in five countries counts five times. Residents' filings at their own office are a separate series, resident_patent_applications. WIPO IP Statistics Data Center (the last update is stated in the export file).

Source: WIPO IP Statistics Data Center

Patent applications abroad by origin

187 applications per year latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Patent applications abroad by origin1980: 6; 2024: 18705010015020025019801990200020102020

Applications for patents for inventions filed in a year by applicants from the country at foreign and regional offices (such as the European Patent Office): how much the country's inventions seek protection in other markets. Country = first applicant's address; applications, not grants. WIPO IP Statistics Data Center (the last update is stated in the export file).

Source: WIPO IP Statistics Data Center

PCT international patent applications

58 applications per year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: PCT international patent applications1995: 13; 2025: 5802040601995200020052010201520202025

International applications under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) by filing date and first applicant's country. One PCT application defers the choice of countries where the invention will be protected; it is neither a patent nor a filing at a particular office. The incomplete current year is excluded. WIPO IP Statistics Data Center (the last update is stated in the export file).

Source: WIPO IP Statistics Data Center

Electric cars: share of new car sales

6 % of new car sales latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Electric cars: share of new car sales2015: 0.1; 2025: 602468201520202025

Share of electric cars among all new cars sold in the year. Sales are new cars in the year, not all cars on the road (that is the stock). Electric cars are battery-electric (BEV) and plug-in hybrids (PHEV, a battery charged from the grid plus a petrol engine); ordinary hybrids without a plug and fuel-cell cars are not included. IEA, Global EV Data Explorer (Global EV Outlook), CC BY 4.0.

Source: IEA: Global EV Data Explorer (Global EV Outlook)

Electric cars: new car sales

3,000 cars a year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Electric cars: new car sales2015: 21; 2025: 3,00001,0002,0003,0004,000201520202025

New electric cars sold in the year. Electric cars are battery-electric (BEV) and plug-in hybrids (PHEV, a battery charged from the grid plus a petrol engine); ordinary hybrids without a plug and fuel-cell cars are not included. IEA rounds values to two significant figures. IEA, Global EV Data Explorer (Global EV Outlook), CC BY 4.0.

Source: IEA: Global EV Data Explorer (Global EV Outlook)

Battery-electric cars (BEV): sales

2,400 cars a year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Battery-electric cars (BEV): sales2015: 21; 2025: 2,40005001,0001,5002,0002,500201520202025

New battery-electric cars (BEV: battery only, no combustion engine) sold in the year. Plug-in hybrids are not included. IEA rounds values to two significant figures. IEA, Global EV Data Explorer (Global EV Outlook), CC BY 4.0.

Source: IEA: Global EV Data Explorer (Global EV Outlook)

Plug-in hybrid cars (PHEV): sales

570 cars a year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Plug-in hybrid cars (PHEV): sales2016: 8; 2025: 570020040060020202025

New plug-in hybrid cars (PHEV: battery charged from the grid plus a combustion engine) sold in the year. Ordinary hybrids without a plug are not included. IEA rounds values to two significant figures. IEA, Global EV Data Explorer (Global EV Outlook), CC BY 4.0.

Source: IEA: Global EV Data Explorer (Global EV Outlook)

New cars: battery-electric (BEV), share

4.9 % of new car registrations latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: New cars: battery-electric (BEV), share2013: 0; 2025: 4.9012345201520202025

Share of first registrations of new passenger cars in the year (close to sales; not the whole stock). Battery-electric: battery and electric motor only, no petrol or diesel engine (Eurostat code ELC). Eurostat, road_eqr_carpda.

Source: Eurostat: new passenger car registrations and the car stock by motor energy (road_eqr_carpda, road_eqs_carpda)

New cars: plug-in hybrids (PHEV), share

1.2 % of new car registrations latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: New cars: plug-in hybrids (PHEV), share2023: 0.9; 2025: 1.200.511.520202025

Share of first registrations of new passenger cars in the year (close to sales; not the whole stock). Plug-in hybrids: a battery charged from the grid plus a petrol or diesel engine (ELC_PET_PI + ELC_DIE_PI). Eurostat, road_eqr_carpda.

Source: Eurostat: new passenger car registrations and the car stock by motor energy (road_eqr_carpda, road_eqs_carpda)

New cars: hybrids without a plug, share

4.2 % of new car registrations latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: New cars: hybrids without a plug, share2023: 1.8; 2025: 4.201234520202025

Share of first registrations of new passenger cars in the year (close to sales; not the whole stock). Ordinary hybrids without a plug (full and mild): the engine charges the battery; these are not electric cars (ELC_PET_HYB + ELC_DIE_HYB). Eurostat, road_eqr_carpda.

Source: Eurostat: new passenger car registrations and the car stock by motor energy (road_eqr_carpda, road_eqs_carpda)

New battery-electric cars (BEV): registrations

2,420 cars a year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: New battery-electric cars (BEV): registrations2013: 0; 2025: 2,42005001,0001,5002,0002,500201520202025

First registrations of new battery-electric passenger cars in the year (close to sales). Battery-electric: battery and electric motor only, no petrol or diesel engine (Eurostat code ELC). Eurostat, road_eqr_carpda.

Source: Eurostat: new passenger car registrations and the car stock by motor energy (road_eqr_carpda, road_eqs_carpda)

All cars on the road: battery-electric (BEV), share

0.7 % of all passenger cars latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: All cars on the road: battery-electric (BEV), share2013: 0; 2025: 0.700.20.40.60.8201520202025

Share of all registered passenger cars at the end of the year (the stock, not the sales of the year). Battery-electric: battery and electric motor only, no petrol or diesel engine (Eurostat code ELC). Eurostat, road_eqs_carpda.

Source: Eurostat: new passenger car registrations and the car stock by motor energy (road_eqr_carpda, road_eqs_carpda)

All cars on the road: plug-in hybrids (PHEV), share

0.2 % of all passenger cars latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: All cars on the road: plug-in hybrids (PHEV), share2023: 0.1; 2025: 0.200.10.10.20.20.320202025

Share of all registered passenger cars at the end of the year (the stock, not the sales of the year). Plug-in hybrids: a battery charged from the grid plus a petrol or diesel engine (ELC_PET_PI + ELC_DIE_PI). Eurostat, road_eqs_carpda.

Source: Eurostat: new passenger car registrations and the car stock by motor energy (road_eqr_carpda, road_eqs_carpda)

All cars on the road: hybrids without a plug, share

2.2 % of all passenger cars latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: All cars on the road: hybrids without a plug, share2016: 0.1; 2024: 2.200.511.522.52020

Share of all registered passenger cars at the end of the year (the stock, not the sales of the year). Ordinary hybrids without a plug (full and mild): the engine charges the battery; these are not electric cars (ELC_PET_HYB + ELC_DIE_HYB). Eurostat, road_eqs_carpda.

Source: Eurostat: new passenger car registrations and the car stock by motor energy (road_eqr_carpda, road_eqs_carpda)

Communities and participation

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

25 % of seats latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)1997: 10.8; 2025: 250102030200020052010201520202025

Women in parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber held by women.

Source: Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

Religion and beliefs

Christians — population share

79.5 % of population latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Christians — population share2010: 81.4; 2020: 79.5020406080100201020152020

Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.

Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020

Christians — population

5,510 thousand persons latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Christians — population2010: 6,050; 2020: 5,51002,0004,0006,0008,000201020152020

Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.

Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020

Muslims — population share

10.3 % of population latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Muslims — population share2010: 10; 2020: 10.3051015201020152020

Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.

Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020

Muslims — population

710 thousand persons latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Muslims — population2010: 740; 2020: 7100200400600800201020152020

Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.

Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020

Religiously unaffiliated — population share

10 % of population latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Religiously unaffiliated — population share2010: 8.4; 2020: 10024681012201020152020

Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.

Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020

Religiously unaffiliated — population

700 thousand persons latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Religiously unaffiliated — population2010: 630; 2020: 7000200400600800201020152020

Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.

Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020

Other religions — population share

0.1 % of population latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Other religions — population share2010: 0.1; 2020: 0.10000.10.10.10.1201020152020

Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.

Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020

Other religions — population

10 thousand persons latest value, 2010

Bulgaria: Other religions — population2010: 10; 2010: 1002468101220052010

Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.

Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020

Religious diversity — country rank

77 rank among 201 latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Religious diversity — country rank2010: 76; 2020: 77020406080201020152020

Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.

Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020

Religious diversity index

4.1 index points (0–10) latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Religious diversity index2010: 3.7; 2020: 4.1012345201020152020

Pew index, 0–10, based on seven broad groups. 10 means seven equal groups; 0 means everyone belongs to one group. Does not measure religious freedom, intensity of belief or conflict. Values below 0.1 are retained as bounds in the table. Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.

Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020

Religious composition: balance between two groups

5.9 index points (0–10) latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Religious composition: balance between two groups2010: 5.5; 2020: 5.90246201020152020

Pew index, 0–10, based on seven broad groups. 10 means two equal groups, which may be any two religions. It is not an affiliated/unaffiliated index. Does not measure religious freedom, intensity of belief or conflict. Values below 0.1 are retained as bounds in the table. Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.

Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020

Religiously affiliated — population share

90 % of population latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Religiously affiliated — population share2010: 91.6; 2020: 90020406080100201020152020

Macroscope calculation: total population minus Unaffiliated. A subtotal of six religious groups, not an eighth group or a count of believers in God. Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.

Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020

Religiously affiliated — population

6,240 thousand persons latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Religiously affiliated — population2010: 6,810; 2020: 6,24002,0004,0006,0008,000201020152020

Macroscope calculation: total population minus Unaffiliated. A subtotal of six religious groups, not an eighth group or a count of believers in God. Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.

Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020

Government restrictions on religion

5.5 index points (0–10) latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Government restrictions on religion2023: 5.5; 2023: 5.502462020

Pew coding of published materials for 2023, 198 countries and territories. Scores from 0 to 10, not population percentages. GRI covers government restrictions; SHI covers hostile acts by private individuals and groups. They measure different things and must not be summed. North Korea is not scored due to insufficient reliable observations; missing is not no restrictions. Released June 15, 2026.

Source: Pew Research Center: religious restrictions and social hostilities

Social hostilities involving religion

2.9 index points (0–10) latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Social hostilities involving religion2023: 2.9; 2023: 2.901232020

Pew coding of published materials for 2023, 198 countries and territories. Scores from 0 to 10, not population percentages. GRI covers government restrictions; SHI covers hostile acts by private individuals and groups. They measure different things and must not be summed. North Korea is not scored due to insufficient reliable observations; missing is not no restrictions. Released June 15, 2026.

Source: Pew Research Center: religious restrictions and social hostilities

Christians among immigrants — share

57.7 % of migrants latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Christians among immigrants — share1990: 64.1; 2020: 57.70204060801990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Christians among immigrants — population

110 thousand persons latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Christians among immigrants — population1990: 10; 2020: 1100501001501990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Muslims among immigrants — share

20.1 % of migrants latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Muslims among immigrants — share1990: 14.2; 2020: 20.105101520251990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Muslims among immigrants — population

40 thousand persons latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Muslims among immigrants — population2005: 10; 2020: 40010203040502005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Religiously unaffiliated among immigrants — share

19.1 % of migrants latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Religiously unaffiliated among immigrants — share1990: 17.6; 2020: 19.1051015201990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Religiously unaffiliated among immigrants — population

40 thousand persons latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Religiously unaffiliated among immigrants — population2005: 10; 2020: 40010203040502005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Buddhists among immigrants — share

0.7 % of migrants latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Buddhists among immigrants — share1990: 1.4; 2020: 0.700.511.51990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Hindus among immigrants — share

0.4 % of migrants latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Hindus among immigrants — share1990: 0.5; 2020: 0.400.10.20.30.40.50.61990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Jews among immigrants — share

1 % of migrants latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Jews among immigrants — share1990: 0.8; 2020: 100.20.40.60.811.21990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Other religions among immigrants — share

0.9 % of migrants latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Other religions among immigrants — share1990: 1.2; 2020: 0.900.511.51990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Christians among emigrants — share

33.5 % of migrants latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Christians among emigrants — share1990: 14; 2020: 33.50102030401990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Christians among emigrants — population

570 thousand persons latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Christians among emigrants — population1990: 100; 2020: 57002004006001990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Muslims among emigrants — share

47.8 % of migrants latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Muslims among emigrants — share1990: 73; 2020: 47.80204060801990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Muslims among emigrants — population

820 thousand persons latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Muslims among emigrants — population1990: 510; 2020: 82002004006008001,0001990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Religiously unaffiliated among emigrants — share

16.8 % of migrants latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Religiously unaffiliated among emigrants — share1990: 9.1; 2020: 16.8051015201990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Religiously unaffiliated among emigrants — population

290 thousand persons latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Religiously unaffiliated among emigrants — population1990: 60; 2020: 29001002003001990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Buddhists among emigrants — share

0.2 % of migrants latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Buddhists among emigrants — share1990: 0.4; 2020: 0.200.10.20.30.40.51990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Hindus among emigrants — share

0.4 % of migrants latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Hindus among emigrants — share1990: 0.8; 2020: 0.400.20.40.60.811990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Jews among emigrants — share

1.2 % of migrants latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Jews among emigrants — share1990: 2.7; 2020: 1.201231990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Jews among emigrants — population

20 thousand persons latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Jews among emigrants — population1990: 20; 2020: 2005101520251990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Other religions among emigrants — share

0.2 % of migrants latest value, 2020

Bulgaria: Other religions among emigrants — share1990: 0.1; 2020: 0.200.10.10.20.20.31990199520002005201020152020

Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.

Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants

Religion very important: EVS

22.5 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Religion very important: EVS2018: 22.5; 2018: 22.505101520252015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Religion not at all important: EVS

12.6 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Religion not at all important: EVS2018: 12.6; 2018: 12.60510152015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Belong to a denomination: EVS

75.1 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Belong to a denomination: EVS2018: 75.1; 2018: 75.10204060802015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

No denominational affiliation: EVS

24.9 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: No denominational affiliation: EVS2018: 24.9; 2018: 24.905101520252015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Never attend services: EVS

20.8 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Never attend services: EVS2018: 20.8; 2018: 20.805101520252015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Identify as religious: EVS

65.1 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Identify as religious: EVS2018: 65.1; 2018: 65.10204060802015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Identify as non-religious: EVS

30.8 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Identify as non-religious: EVS2018: 30.8; 2018: 30.80102030402015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Identify as convinced atheists: EVS

4.1 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Identify as convinced atheists: EVS2018: 4.1; 2018: 4.10123452015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Believe in God: EVS

79.4 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Believe in God: EVS2018: 79.4; 2018: 79.40204060802015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Do not believe in God: EVS

20.6 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Do not believe in God: EVS2018: 20.6; 2018: 20.605101520252015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Believe in life after death: EVS

34.2 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Believe in life after death: EVS2018: 34.2; 2018: 34.20102030402015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Believe in hell: EVS

32.3 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Believe in hell: EVS2018: 32.3; 2018: 32.30102030402015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Believe in heaven: EVS

35.4 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Believe in heaven: EVS2018: 35.4; 2018: 35.40102030402015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Believe in reincarnation: EVS

28 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Believe in reincarnation: EVS2018: 28; 2018: 2801020302015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Belief in a personal God: EVS

41.8 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Belief in a personal God: EVS2018: 41.8; 2018: 41.8010203040502015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Belief in a spirit or life force: EVS

41.2 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Belief in a spirit or life force: EVS2018: 41.2; 2018: 41.2010203040502015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Unsure what to think about God: EVS

8.3 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Unsure what to think about God: EVS2018: 8.3; 2018: 8.302468102015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

No God, spirit or life force: EVS

8.7 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: No God, spirit or life force: EVS2018: 8.7; 2018: 8.702468102015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Daily prayer: EVS

16.2 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Daily prayer: EVS2018: 16.2; 2018: 16.2051015202015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Never pray: EVS

26.5 % of valid answers latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Never pray: EVS2018: 26.5; 2018: 26.501020302015

EVS 2017, ZA7500 v5.0.0: published weighted tables, fieldwork 2017–2021. Percentages use valid answers to each question; do-not-know and refusal responses are excluded. The gweight calibration adjusts age, sex, education and region. Rounded weighted valid/missing frequencies are retained; they are neither population counts nor actual interview counts. Q17 distinguishes a religious person, a non-religious person and a convinced atheist: self-description, not affiliation. Q20 “do not know what to think” is not relabelled agnosticism. Q13a describes only respondents naming a denomination, not all adults. Great Britain excludes Northern Ireland and is retained as a region. Chart year is the fieldwork end year; the full period is retained in the table. Rounded 0.0% is not an exact zero; blank cells remain absent. Small differences are not declared significant without uncertainty estimates. Source: EVS, GESIS (2022), EVS 2017 Variable Report, GESIS-Variable Reports 2022/05; EVS (2022), ZA7500 v5.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.13897. Only selected aggregates from the public report are republished, not microdata.

Source: EVS 2017: public weighted tables

Catholics — population, 2010 estimate

40 thousand persons latest value, 2010

Bulgaria: Catholics — population, 2010 estimate2010: 40; 2010: 400102030405020052010

Historical all-age estimates for 2010 from Pew’s 2011 release, 232 countries/territories. Pew’s 2025 revision does not update this detailed split: do not splice into the revised Christian total series. Affiliation, not practice. Protestant includes Anglicans and independent churches; Orthodox includes Eastern and Oriental Orthodox churches. Other Christians include, among others, Latter-day Saints and Jehovah’s Witnesses under the source classification. Counts of at least 10,000 are rounded to 10,000; <1,000 and <10,000 remain bounds in the typed table only. The source states that <10,000 means 1,000–9,999, not zero. World is the sum of the five regions in the same release. Netherlands Antilles and Channel Islands are not assigned to a single present-day country. Geography follows the 2011 release; South Sudan is separate. Macroscope analysis. Pew Research Center bears no responsibility for the analyses or interpretations of the data presented here. The opinions expressed herein, including any implications for policy, are those of the author and not of Pew Research Center. Pew Research Center has published the original content in English but has not reviewed or approved this translation.

Source: Pew: Christian traditions, 2010 estimates (2011 release)

Protestants — population, 2010 estimate

40 thousand persons latest value, 2010

Bulgaria: Protestants — population, 2010 estimate2010: 40; 2010: 400102030405020052010

Historical all-age estimates for 2010 from Pew’s 2011 release, 232 countries/territories. Pew’s 2025 revision does not update this detailed split: do not splice into the revised Christian total series. Affiliation, not practice. Protestant includes Anglicans and independent churches; Orthodox includes Eastern and Oriental Orthodox churches. Other Christians include, among others, Latter-day Saints and Jehovah’s Witnesses under the source classification. Counts of at least 10,000 are rounded to 10,000; <1,000 and <10,000 remain bounds in the typed table only. The source states that <10,000 means 1,000–9,999, not zero. World is the sum of the five regions in the same release. Netherlands Antilles and Channel Islands are not assigned to a single present-day country. Geography follows the 2011 release; South Sudan is separate. Macroscope analysis. Pew Research Center bears no responsibility for the analyses or interpretations of the data presented here. The opinions expressed herein, including any implications for policy, are those of the author and not of Pew Research Center. Pew Research Center has published the original content in English but has not reviewed or approved this translation.

Source: Pew: Christian traditions, 2010 estimates (2011 release)

Eastern and Oriental Orthodox — population, 2010 estimate

6,220 thousand persons latest value, 2010

Bulgaria: Eastern and Oriental Orthodox — population, 2010 estimate2010: 6,220; 2010: 6,22002,0004,0006,0008,00020052010

Historical all-age estimates for 2010 from Pew’s 2011 release, 232 countries/territories. Pew’s 2025 revision does not update this detailed split: do not splice into the revised Christian total series. Affiliation, not practice. Protestant includes Anglicans and independent churches; Orthodox includes Eastern and Oriental Orthodox churches. Other Christians include, among others, Latter-day Saints and Jehovah’s Witnesses under the source classification. Counts of at least 10,000 are rounded to 10,000; <1,000 and <10,000 remain bounds in the typed table only. The source states that <10,000 means 1,000–9,999, not zero. World is the sum of the five regions in the same release. Netherlands Antilles and Channel Islands are not assigned to a single present-day country. Geography follows the 2011 release; South Sudan is separate. Macroscope analysis. Pew Research Center bears no responsibility for the analyses or interpretations of the data presented here. The opinions expressed herein, including any implications for policy, are those of the author and not of Pew Research Center. Pew Research Center has published the original content in English but has not reviewed or approved this translation.

Source: Pew: Christian traditions, 2010 estimates (2011 release)

Shia among Muslims — lower estimate endpoint, 2009

10 % of Muslims latest value, 2009

Bulgaria: Shia among Muslims — lower estimate endpoint, 20092009: 10; 2009: 100246810122005

Historical 2009 expert/ethnographic estimates, not a current census or survey responses. Denominator: all Muslims in the respective country, not its total population. Ranges are the source’s likely estimate ranges, not statistical confidence intervals; Pew does not quantify a margin of error. Lower and upper range endpoints have separate indicators; no midpoint is calculated. Approximate (~) estimates are separate; <1%, <5% and similar are bounds in the typed table only. Missing -- is not zero. The remainder is not automatically called Sunni, which would conceal other traditions. Share of the world’s Shia and Shia share of a country’s Muslims have distinct denominators. Macroscope analysis. Pew Research Center bears no responsibility for the analyses or interpretations of the data presented here. The opinions expressed herein, including any implications for policy, are those of the author and not of Pew Research Center. Pew Research Center has published the original content in English but has not reviewed or approved this translation.

Source: Pew: Shia share ranges, 2009

Shia among Muslims — upper estimate endpoint, 2009

15 % of Muslims latest value, 2009

Bulgaria: Shia among Muslims — upper estimate endpoint, 20092009: 15; 2009: 15051015202005

Historical 2009 expert/ethnographic estimates, not a current census or survey responses. Denominator: all Muslims in the respective country, not its total population. Ranges are the source’s likely estimate ranges, not statistical confidence intervals; Pew does not quantify a margin of error. Lower and upper range endpoints have separate indicators; no midpoint is calculated. Approximate (~) estimates are separate; <1%, <5% and similar are bounds in the typed table only. Missing -- is not zero. The remainder is not automatically called Sunni, which would conceal other traditions. Share of the world’s Shia and Shia share of a country’s Muslims have distinct denominators. Macroscope analysis. Pew Research Center bears no responsibility for the analyses or interpretations of the data presented here. The opinions expressed herein, including any implications for policy, are those of the author and not of Pew Research Center. Pew Research Center has published the original content in English but has not reviewed or approved this translation.

Source: Pew: Shia share ranges, 2009

Markets and valuations

Equity price change (WDI)

−4.95 % per year latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: Equity price change (WDI)1997: −70.51; 2022: −4.9505010015020020002005201020152020

Annual equity index price change, without adding dividends. WDI describes USD S&P BMI indices but separately specifies local prices and CAC40, DAX, Nikkei, FTSE and S&P500 for France, Germany, Japan, the UK and US. Do not treat all countries as one USD portfolio. Coverage and currency bases differ; a historical sample, not live quotes. Source definition: S&P Global Equity Indices measure the U.S. dollar price change in the stock markets covered by the S&P BMI country indices.

Source: World Bank WDI: financial markets (WFE, IMF)

Stock market capitalisation / GDP

8.55 % of GDP latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Stock market capitalisation / GDP1993: 0.11; 2025: 8.55010203040501995200020052010201520202025

Year-end market value of listed domestic equities divided by annual GDP: a stock/flow ratio, not P/E or a bubble diagnosis. Foreign revenues and the share of business outside exchanges vary across countries. India, 2025: WDI reports USD 10.56 trillion of capitalisation, while NSE Market Pulse January 2026 reports about USD 5.3 trillion for India. The reason is unresolved. That year’s capitalisation and capitalisation/GDP are retained in the typed dataset with quality=source_discrepancy but excluded from annual charts and automatic analysis pending review. Source definition: Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding (including their several classes) for listed domestic companies. Investment funds, unit trusts, and companies whose only business goal is to hold shares of other listed companies are excluded. Data are end of year values.

Source: World Bank WDI: financial markets (WFE, IMF)

Listed domestic equity capitalisation

11.18 US$ bn latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Listed domestic equity capitalisation1993: 0.01; 2025: 11.1805101520251995200020052010201520202025

Price times outstanding shares at year end, in current US dollars. Funds and companies that only hold other companies’ shares are excluded. Changes include repricing, listings, delistings and exchange rates; this is not portfolio return. India, 2025: WDI reports USD 10.56 trillion of capitalisation, while NSE Market Pulse January 2026 reports about USD 5.3 trillion for India. The reason is unresolved. That year’s capitalisation and capitalisation/GDP are retained in the typed dataset with quality=source_discrepancy but excluded from annual charts and automatic analysis pending review. Source definition: Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding (including their several classes) for listed domestic companies. Investment funds, unit trusts, and companies whose only business goal is to hold shares of other listed companies are excluded. Data are end of year values converted to U.S. dollars using corresponding year-end foreign exchange rates.

Source: World Bank WDI: financial markets (WFE, IMF)

Equity trading value / GDP

0.24 % of GDP latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Equity trading value / GDP1993: 0.02; 2025: 0.24051015201995200020052010201520202025

Annual value of domestic and foreign shares traded divided by GDP, counting one side of each transaction. Trading volume is neither market capitalisation nor invested savings. Source definition: The value of shares traded is the total number of shares traded, both domestic and foreign, multiplied by their respective matching prices. Figures are single counted (only one side of the transaction is considered). Companies admitted to listing and admitted to trading are included in the data. Data are end of year values.

Source: World Bank WDI: financial markets (WFE, IMF)

Domestic equity turnover ratio

2.17 % per year latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Domestic equity turnover ratio1993: 18.33; 2024: 2.17050100150200199520002005201020152020

Domestic shares traded relative to their capitalisation; WDI annualises the monthly average by multiplying by 12. High turnover measures trading activity, not investment return. Source definition: Turnover ratio is the value of domestic shares traded divided by their market capitalization. The value is annualized by multiplying the monthly average by 12.

Source: World Bank WDI: financial markets (WFE, IMF)

Listed domestic companies

203 companies latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Listed domestic companies1993: 8; 2025: 20301002003004005001995200020052010201520202025

Companies with listed shares at year end, including foreign companies exclusively listed locally. Multiple share classes count as one company; investment funds are excluded. Source definition: Listed domestic companies, including foreign companies which are exclusively listed, are those which have shares listed on an exchange at the end of the year. Investment funds, unit trusts, and companies whose only business goal is to hold shares of other listed companies, such as holding companies and investment companies, regardless of their legal status, are excluded. A company with several classes of shares is counted once. Only companies admitted to listing on the exchange are included.

Source: World Bank WDI: financial markets (WFE, IMF)

Private-sector credit / GDP

47.07 % of GDP latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Private-sector credit / GDP1991: 82.81; 2024: 47.07020406080100199520002005201020152020

Financial resources supplied to the private sector by financial corporations relative to GDP. Includes loans and other debt claims; country coverage differs. Neither government debt nor mortgages alone. Source definition: Domestic credit to private sector refers to financial resources provided to the private sector by financial corporations, such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enterprises. The financial corporations include monetary authorities and deposit money banks, as well as other financial corporations where data are available (including corporations that do not accept transferable deposits but do incur such liabilities as time and savings deposits). Examples of other financial corporations are finance and leasing companies, money lenders, insurance corporations, pension funds, and foreign exchange companies. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.

Source: World Bank WDI: financial markets (WFE, IMF)

Bank nonperforming loans

2.82 % of gross loans latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Bank nonperforming loans2008: 2.4; 2025: 2.82051015202010201520202025

Loans 90+ days overdue or unlikely to be repaid in full divided by gross loans, before provisions and collateral deductions. National rules and coverage can differ. Source definition: The indicator measures the proportion of a deposit taker’s loan portfolio that is impaired or at risk of default. It is calculated as the ratio of non-performing loans (NPLs) to total gross loans, where NPLs are defined as loans that are past due by 90 days or more or are otherwise considered unlikely to be repaid in full without the realization of collateral. Both non-performing loans and total gross loans should be reported at their gross book value, without deducting for loan-loss provisions or collateral. This indicator provides a key measure of asset quality and potential credit risk in the banking system.

Source: World Bank WDI: financial markets (WFE, IMF)

Equities: latest month (OECD)

305.64 2015 = 100 latest value, 2026

Bulgaria: Equities: latest month (OECD)2000: 22.49; 2026: 305.640100200300400200020052010201520202025

The annual axis selects the last published month of each year, labelled with its actual date. The current year is incomplete; this is neither a full-year mean nor a live quote. OECD national indices, normally monthly means of daily closes, 2015 = 100. Index composition differs across countries; dividends are not added. Index changes are not total-market capitalisation growth. Monthly averages smooth intramonth falls.

Source: OECD: monthly financial markets, national sources

Long-term yields: latest month (OECD)

4.09 % per year latest value, 2026

Bulgaria: Long-term yields: latest month (OECD)2003: 6.06; 2026: 4.090246820052010201520202025

The annual axis selects the last published month of each year, labelled with its actual date. The current year is incomplete; this is neither a full-year mean nor a live quote. National-currency long-term government bond rates, normally around ten years, monthly national-source observations. Maturity, coverage and methodology vary by country. A quoted yield is not investor total return.

Source: OECD: monthly financial markets, national sources

Nominal residential property prices

235.55 index, 2010 = 100 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Nominal residential property prices1998: 32.75; 2025: 235.55050100150200250200020052010201520202025

BIS residential property prices in local currency, without inflation adjustment. Mean of four quarters; incomplete years omitted. Housing coverage and methods differ across countries. Compare with BIS real prices; excludes rental income and does not establish a bubble.

Source: BIS: nominal and real residential property prices

Industry and waste

Municipal waste per person

472 kg per person a year latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Municipal waste per person1995: 698; 2024: 4720200400600800199520002005201020152020

Municipal waste generated in the year per inhabitant. Municipal waste is collected by or on behalf of municipalities: household waste and similar waste of shops, offices and institutions. Industrial, construction and mining waste are outside it; national scopes differ. OECD, MUNW.

Source: OECD, Municipal waste: generation and treatment (MUNW)

Municipal waste landfilled

54.7 % of treated latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Municipal waste landfilled1995: 100; 2024: 54.7020406080100120199520002005201020152020

Landfill as a share of municipal waste treated in the year. Municipal waste is collected by or on behalf of municipalities: household waste and similar waste of shops, offices and institutions. Industrial, construction and mining waste are outside it; national scopes differ. OECD, MUNW.

Source: OECD, Municipal waste: generation and treatment (MUNW)

Municipal waste recycled

24.1 % of treated latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Municipal waste recycled1995: 0; 2024: 24.101020304050199520002005201020152020

Material recycling (composting excluded) as a share of municipal waste treated in the year, as reported by the country; not the secondary material finally produced. Municipal waste is collected by or on behalf of municipalities: household waste and similar waste of shops, offices and institutions. Industrial, construction and mining waste are outside it; national scopes differ. OECD, MUNW.

Source: OECD, Municipal waste: generation and treatment (MUNW)

Municipal waste composted

3.5 % of treated latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Municipal waste composted1995: 0; 2024: 3.5051015199520002005201020152020

Composting and digestion as a share of municipal waste treated in the year. Municipal waste is collected by or on behalf of municipalities: household waste and similar waste of shops, offices and institutions. Industrial, construction and mining waste are outside it; national scopes differ. OECD, MUNW.

Source: OECD, Municipal waste: generation and treatment (MUNW)

Municipal waste incinerated

4.8 % of treated latest value, 2024

Bulgaria: Municipal waste incinerated1995: 0; 2024: 4.802468199520002005201020152020

Incineration, with and without energy recovery, as a share of municipal waste treated in the year. Municipal waste is collected by or on behalf of municipalities: household waste and similar waste of shops, offices and institutions. Industrial, construction and mining waste are outside it; national scopes differ. OECD, MUNW.

Source: OECD, Municipal waste: generation and treatment (MUNW)

Packaging waste per person

80.9 kg per person a year latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: Packaging waste per person2005: 67.9; 2022: 80.90204060801002005201020152020

All packaging that became waste in the year (paper, plastic, glass, metal, wood, other) per inhabitant. Eurostat equates it with packaging placed on the market. Eurostat, env_waspac.

Source: Eurostat, waste statistics (env_waspac, env_wasgen)

Plastic packaging waste per person

23 kg per person a year latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: Plastic packaging waste per person2005: 13.8; 2022: 2305101520252005201020152020

Plastic packaging that became waste in the year per inhabitant (Eurostat). Eurostat, env_waspac.

Source: Eurostat, waste statistics (env_waspac, env_wasgen)

Packaging recycling rate

58.3 % of packaging waste generated latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: Packaging recycling rate2005: 30.8; 2022: 58.30204060802005201020152020

Recycled packaging as a percentage of packaging waste generated, all materials. From 2020 Eurostat measures recycling at a new calculation point (after sorting, closer to actual recycling), so rates before and after 2020 are not fully comparable. Eurostat, env_waspac.

Source: Eurostat, waste statistics (env_waspac, env_wasgen)

Plastic packaging recycling rate

39.5 % of plastic packaging waste generated latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: Plastic packaging recycling rate2005: 8.4; 2022: 39.50204060802005201020152020

Recycled plastic packaging as a percentage of plastic packaging waste generated: recycling, not collection for recycling. From 2020 Eurostat measures recycling at a new calculation point (after sorting, closer to actual recycling), so rates before and after 2020 are not fully comparable. Eurostat, env_waspac.

Source: Eurostat, waste statistics (env_waspac, env_wasgen)

All waste per person (all activities and households)

15,004 kg per person a year latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: All waste per person (all activities and households)2004: 26,050; 2022: 15,004010,00020,00030,0002005201020152020

All waste generated in the year by all economic activities and households per inhabitant, including mineral waste from construction and mining (soil, rock), usually the largest part. Reported every two years (2004-2022). Not municipal waste, which covers only household and similar waste collected by municipalities. Eurostat, env_wasgen.

Source: Eurostat, waste statistics (env_waspac, env_wasgen)

Waste excluding major mineral waste per person

3,799 kg per person a year latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: Waste excluding major mineral waste per person2004: 2,174; 2022: 3,79901,0002,0003,0004,0002005201020152020

Waste from all activities and households excluding major mineral wastes (soil, rock, construction and demolition waste) per inhabitant; Eurostat uses it to compare countries with different construction and mining. Reported every two years (2004-2022). Not municipal waste, which covers only household and similar waste collected by municipalities. Eurostat, env_wasgen.

Source: Eurostat, waste statistics (env_waspac, env_wasgen)

Household waste per person

405 kg per person a year latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: Household waste per person2004: 341; 2022: 40501002003004005002005201020152020

Waste generated by households themselves per inhabitant. Not equal to municipal waste, which also includes similar waste from shops and offices. Reported every two years (2004-2022). Not municipal waste, which covers only household and similar waste collected by municipalities. Eurostat, env_wasgen.

Source: Eurostat, waste statistics (env_waspac, env_wasgen)

Manufacturing waste per person

818 kg per person a year latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: Manufacturing waste per person2004: 727; 2022: 81802004006008001,0002005201020152020

Waste generated by manufacturing (NACE section C) per inhabitant of the country. Reported every two years (2004-2022). Not municipal waste, which covers only household and similar waste collected by municipalities. Eurostat, env_wasgen.

Source: Eurostat, waste statistics (env_waspac, env_wasgen)

Industrial production index

92.8 index, 2021 = 100 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Industrial production index2000: 57.5; 2025: 92.8050100150200020052010201520202025

Volume of industrial output: mining, manufacturing, electricity and gas (NACE sections B-D). Volume index of output, 2021 = 100, calendar adjusted. Compares a country only with itself, not countries with each other. Eurostat, sts_inpr_a.

Source: Eurostat, short-term business statistics (sts_inpr_a)

Manufacturing production index

101.6 index, 2021 = 100 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Manufacturing production index2000: 47.5; 2025: 101.6050100150200020052010201520202025

Volume of manufacturing output (NACE section C): factories, excluding mining and energy. Volume index of output, 2021 = 100, calendar adjusted. Compares a country only with itself, not countries with each other. Eurostat, sts_inpr_a.

Source: Eurostat, short-term business statistics (sts_inpr_a)

Industrial production (OECD index)

102.3 index, 2015 = 100 latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Industrial production (OECD index)2000: 63.7; 2025: 102.3050100150200020052010201520202025

Industrial output volume — mining, manufacturing, electricity, gas and water (ISIC B-E), annual average, 2015 = 100. It tracks physical volume, not revenue; compare countries by their change, not by their level. OECD short-term statistics (production volume, not seasonally adjusted).

Source: OECD short-term statistics: industrial production index

Industry incl. construction, share of GDP

21.2 % of GDP latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Industry incl. construction, share of GDP1980: 53.8; 2025: 21.202040608019801990200020102020

Value added of industry in the broad sense (mining, manufacturing, utilities and construction; ISIC B-F) as a percentage of GDP. World Bank, WDI. Source note: Industry (including construction) corresponds to ISIC (Rev.4) divisions 05-43. It is comprised of mining, manufacturing, construction, electricity, water, and gas industries. Value added is the contribution to the economy by a producer or an industry or an institutional sector, which is estimated by the total value of output produced and deducting the total value of intermediate consumption of goods and services used to produce that output. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.

Source: World Bank WDI: national accounts (industry)

Manufacturing value added per person (UNIDO)

1,853 constant 2020 US$ per person latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Manufacturing value added per person (UNIDO)2000: 590; 2025: 1,85305001,0001,5002,000200020052010201520202025

Manufacturing value added (ISIC section C) per person at constant 2020 US dollars. UNIDO National Accounts Database via the UN SDG database (indicator 9.2.1). Differs from the World Bank series by its base year (2020 rather than 2015) and UNIDO estimates for countries without recent accounts. Series: Manufacturing value added per capita (constant 2020 United States dollars).

Source: UNIDO via the UN SDG database: manufacturing value added

Manufacturing, share of GDP (UNIDO)

14.5 % of GDP latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Manufacturing, share of GDP (UNIDO)2000: 12.2; 2025: 14.505101520200020052010201520202025

Manufacturing value added as a percentage of GDP, constant prices. UNIDO via the UN SDG database (indicator 9.2.1). Series: Manufacturing value added (constant 2020 United States dollars) as a proportion of GDP (%).

Source: UNIDO via the UN SDG database: manufacturing value added

Coal production

17.2 million tonnes a year latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Coal production1981: 29.2; 2025: 17.20102030401990200020102020

Hard coal and lignite in physical tonnes (not adjusted for energy content), million tonnes a year. Source: Energy Institute, Statistical Review of World Energy 2026 (via the Our World in Data copy).

Source: Energy Institute: Statistical Review of World Energy 2026

E-waste formally collected

17.9 kg per person a year latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: E-waste formally collected2007: 2.9; 2023: 17.905101520201020152020

E-waste collected and documented by formal take-back systems, kg per person a year. Collected is not recycled: part is exported or lost; undocumented collection and recycling are not included. UNITAR (Global E-waste Monitor) via the UN SDG database.

Source: UNITAR Global E-waste Monitor via the UN SDG database

E-waste recycled

15.4 kg per person a year latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: E-waste recycled2007: 1.9; 2023: 15.405101520201020152020

E-waste recycled in documented, environmentally sound conditions, kg per person a year. UNITAR (Global E-waste Monitor) via the UN SDG database.

Source: UNITAR Global E-waste Monitor via the UN SDG database

Municipal waste per person (World Bank)

451 kg per person a year latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Municipal waste per person (World Bank)2018: 451; 2018: 45101002003004005002015

Municipal solid waste generation, kg per person a year (kg a day × 365). Municipal solid waste: households plus similar waste from shops, institutions and streets — excluding industrial, construction and mining waste. One reported year a country, the years differ. World Bank, What a Waste 3.0 (2026).

Source: World Bank: What a Waste 3.0 (2026)

Municipal waste sent to recycling

28 % of municipal waste latest value, 2018

Bulgaria: Municipal waste sent to recycling2018: 28; 2018: 2801020302015

Share of municipal waste sent to recycling, as reported by the country. Sent is not the same as recycled: sorting rejects and exports are included; composting and incineration are not. Municipal solid waste: households plus similar waste from shops, institutions and streets — excluding industrial, construction and mining waste. One reported year a country, the years differ. World Bank, What a Waste 3.0 (2026).

Source: World Bank: What a Waste 3.0 (2026)

Education and skills

PISA: reading, mean score of 15-year-olds

404 PISA points latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: PISA: reading, mean score of 15-year-olds2000: 430; 2022: 404010020030040050020002005201020152020

Mean score in the OECD PISA test of reading literacy. Tested: 15-year-old students (aged 15y3m-16y2m, grade 7 or above), a sample in each country; every three years, the 2021 cycle postponed to 2022 because of COVID. PISA scale: in the cycle when the domain was first the major one (2000) the OECD mean = 500, standard deviation = 100; the series is comparable from 2000. A 10-15 point change between cycles is often within the error (standard errors and significance are in the education_pisa dataset). In 2015 the test moved from paper to computer and to a new scaling model: the link to earlier cycles holds, with a link error of a few points. In 2022 several countries (United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Netherlands, Ireland, Denmark, Australia, New Zealand and others) missed sampling standards — compare with caution. Values come from the trend tables of the latest OECD report listing the country (PISA 2022, else 2018, 2015, 2012, 2009 Vol. V). China took part only as provinces (B-S-J-G/Z, Shanghai), not shown here; Russia took part 2000-2018, not in 2022; Argentina, Kazakhstan and Malaysia 2015 are not comparable and not shown, nor is Viet Nam reading 2022. Source: OECD, PISA 2022 Results, Vol. I.

Source: OECD, PISA — Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA 2009-2022 results, StatLink tables)

PISA: mathematics, mean score of 15-year-olds

417 PISA points latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: PISA: mathematics, mean score of 15-year-olds2006: 413; 2022: 4170100200300400500201020152020

Mean score in the OECD PISA test of mathematical literacy. Tested: 15-year-old students (aged 15y3m-16y2m, grade 7 or above), a sample in each country; every three years, the 2021 cycle postponed to 2022 because of COVID. PISA scale: in the cycle when the domain was first the major one (2003) the OECD mean = 500, standard deviation = 100; the series is comparable from 2003. A 10-15 point change between cycles is often within the error (standard errors and significance are in the education_pisa dataset). In 2015 the test moved from paper to computer and to a new scaling model: the link to earlier cycles holds, with a link error of a few points. In 2022 several countries (United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Netherlands, Ireland, Denmark, Australia, New Zealand and others) missed sampling standards — compare with caution. Values come from the trend tables of the latest OECD report listing the country (PISA 2022, else 2018, 2015, 2012, 2009 Vol. V). China took part only as provinces (B-S-J-G/Z, Shanghai), not shown here; Russia took part 2000-2018, not in 2022; Argentina, Kazakhstan and Malaysia 2015 are not comparable and not shown, nor is Viet Nam reading 2022. Source: OECD, PISA 2022 Results, Vol. I.

Source: OECD, PISA — Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA 2009-2022 results, StatLink tables)

PISA: science, mean score of 15-year-olds

421 PISA points latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: PISA: science, mean score of 15-year-olds2006: 434; 2022: 4210100200300400500201020152020

Mean score in the OECD PISA test of scientific literacy. Tested: 15-year-old students (aged 15y3m-16y2m, grade 7 or above), a sample in each country; every three years, the 2021 cycle postponed to 2022 because of COVID. PISA scale: in the cycle when the domain was first the major one (2006) the OECD mean = 500, standard deviation = 100; the series is comparable from 2006. A 10-15 point change between cycles is often within the error (standard errors and significance are in the education_pisa dataset). In 2015 the test moved from paper to computer and to a new scaling model: the link to earlier cycles holds, with a link error of a few points. In 2022 several countries (United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Netherlands, Ireland, Denmark, Australia, New Zealand and others) missed sampling standards — compare with caution. Values come from the trend tables of the latest OECD report listing the country (PISA 2022, else 2018, 2015, 2012, 2009 Vol. V). China took part only as provinces (B-S-J-G/Z, Shanghai), not shown here; Russia took part 2000-2018, not in 2022; Argentina, Kazakhstan and Malaysia 2015 are not comparable and not shown, nor is Viet Nam reading 2022. Source: OECD, PISA 2022 Results, Vol. I.

Source: OECD, PISA — Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA 2009-2022 results, StatLink tables)

PISA: reading, share of 15-year-olds below baseline

52.9 % of students latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: PISA: reading, share of 15-year-olds below baseline2009: 41; 2022: 52.90204060201020152020

Share of 15-year-olds who did not reach Level 2 in the PISA reading literacy test (below 407 points) — the level the OECD treats as the baseline for full participation in life and learning. Tested: 15-year-old students (aged 15y3m-16y2m, grade 7 or above), a sample in each country; every three years, the 2021 cycle postponed to 2022 because of COVID. Shares are comparable from 2009 (for reading, the latest OECD reports give shares only from 2009). In 2015 the test moved from paper to computer and to a new scaling model: the link to earlier cycles holds, with a link error of a few points. In 2022 several countries (United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Netherlands, Ireland, Denmark, Australia, New Zealand and others) missed sampling standards — compare with caution. Values come from the trend tables of the latest OECD report listing the country (PISA 2022, else 2018, 2015, 2012, 2009 Vol. V). China took part only as provinces (B-S-J-G/Z, Shanghai), not shown here; Russia took part 2000-2018, not in 2022; Argentina, Kazakhstan and Malaysia 2015 are not comparable and not shown, nor is Viet Nam reading 2022. Source: OECD, PISA 2022 Results, Vol. I.

Source: OECD, PISA — Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA 2009-2022 results, StatLink tables)

PISA: mathematics, share of 15-year-olds below baseline

53.6 % of students latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: PISA: mathematics, share of 15-year-olds below baseline2006: 53.3; 2022: 53.60204060201020152020

Share of 15-year-olds who did not reach Level 2 in the PISA mathematical literacy test (below 420 points) — the level the OECD treats as the baseline for full participation in life and learning. Tested: 15-year-old students (aged 15y3m-16y2m, grade 7 or above), a sample in each country; every three years, the 2021 cycle postponed to 2022 because of COVID. Shares are comparable from 2003 (for reading, the latest OECD reports give shares only from 2009). In 2015 the test moved from paper to computer and to a new scaling model: the link to earlier cycles holds, with a link error of a few points. In 2022 several countries (United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Netherlands, Ireland, Denmark, Australia, New Zealand and others) missed sampling standards — compare with caution. Values come from the trend tables of the latest OECD report listing the country (PISA 2022, else 2018, 2015, 2012, 2009 Vol. V). China took part only as provinces (B-S-J-G/Z, Shanghai), not shown here; Russia took part 2000-2018, not in 2022; Argentina, Kazakhstan and Malaysia 2015 are not comparable and not shown, nor is Viet Nam reading 2022. Source: OECD, PISA 2022 Results, Vol. I.

Source: OECD, PISA — Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA 2009-2022 results, StatLink tables)

PISA: science, share of 15-year-olds below baseline

48 % of students latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: PISA: science, share of 15-year-olds below baseline2006: 42.7; 2022: 4801020304050201020152020

Share of 15-year-olds who did not reach Level 2 in the PISA scientific literacy test (below 410 points) — the level the OECD treats as the baseline for full participation in life and learning. Tested: 15-year-old students (aged 15y3m-16y2m, grade 7 or above), a sample in each country; every three years, the 2021 cycle postponed to 2022 because of COVID. Shares are comparable from 2006 (for reading, the latest OECD reports give shares only from 2009). In 2015 the test moved from paper to computer and to a new scaling model: the link to earlier cycles holds, with a link error of a few points. In 2022 several countries (United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Netherlands, Ireland, Denmark, Australia, New Zealand and others) missed sampling standards — compare with caution. Values come from the trend tables of the latest OECD report listing the country (PISA 2022, else 2018, 2015, 2012, 2009 Vol. V). China took part only as provinces (B-S-J-G/Z, Shanghai), not shown here; Russia took part 2000-2018, not in 2022; Argentina, Kazakhstan and Malaysia 2015 are not comparable and not shown, nor is Viet Nam reading 2022. Source: OECD, PISA 2022 Results, Vol. I.

Source: OECD, PISA — Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA 2009-2022 results, StatLink tables)

PISA: mathematics, share of top performers (Levels 5-6)

3.1 % of students latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: PISA: mathematics, share of top performers (Levels 5-6)2006: 3.1; 2022: 3.1012345201020152020

Share of 15-year-olds reaching Level 5 or 6 in the PISA mathematics test (607 points or more): they solve complex modelling and reasoning tasks. Tested: 15-year-old students (aged 15y3m-16y2m, grade 7 or above), a sample in each country; every three years, the 2021 cycle postponed to 2022 because of COVID. Shares are comparable from 2003. In 2015 the test moved from paper to computer and to a new scaling model: the link to earlier cycles holds, with a link error of a few points. In 2022 several countries (United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Netherlands, Ireland, Denmark, Australia, New Zealand and others) missed sampling standards — compare with caution. Values come from the trend tables of the latest OECD report listing the country (PISA 2022, else 2018, 2015, 2012, 2009 Vol. V). China took part only as provinces (B-S-J-G/Z, Shanghai), not shown here; Russia took part 2000-2018, not in 2022; Argentina, Kazakhstan and Malaysia 2015 are not comparable and not shown, nor is Viet Nam reading 2022. Source: OECD, PISA 2022 Results, Vol. I.

Source: OECD, PISA — Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA 2009-2022 results, StatLink tables)

TIMSS: mathematics, grade 4

530 TIMSS score latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: TIMSS: mathematics, grade 42015: 524; 2023: 530020040060020152020

Average score of students in their fourth year of school (usually grade 4, about 10 years old) in the international TIMSS mathematics test. The TIMSS scale was set in 1995: 500 is the mean of that cycle's countries and 100 points is one standard deviation; the test is repeated every 4 years, and a country's scores from different cycles are comparable when IEA includes them in its trend table. Year is the test year. In 2019 about half the countries tested on computer (eTIMSS), linked to paper through a bridge sample; in 2023 almost all did. Some countries test the next grade up (Norway, South Africa, Turkey) to keep the average age above the IEA minimum. Values IEA flags as not reliably measured (more than 25% of students too low to estimate) are left out. Russia took part until 2019 and is not in TIMSS 2023. Figures come from the TIMSS 2023 trend tables; for countries absent in 2023, from the TIMSS 2019 report. Source: IEA, TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Center.

Source: IEA Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS)

TIMSS: science, grade 4

530 TIMSS score latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: TIMSS: science, grade 42015: 536; 2023: 530020040060020152020

Average score of students in their fourth year of school (usually grade 4, about 10 years old) in the international TIMSS science test. The TIMSS scale was set in 1995: 500 is the mean of that cycle's countries and 100 points is one standard deviation; the test is repeated every 4 years, and a country's scores from different cycles are comparable when IEA includes them in its trend table. Year is the test year. In 2019 about half the countries tested on computer (eTIMSS), linked to paper through a bridge sample; in 2023 almost all did. Some countries test the next grade up (Norway, South Africa, Turkey) to keep the average age above the IEA minimum. Values IEA flags as not reliably measured (more than 25% of students too low to estimate) are left out. Russia took part until 2019 and is not in TIMSS 2023. Figures come from the TIMSS 2023 trend tables; for countries absent in 2023, from the TIMSS 2019 report. Source: IEA, TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Center.

Source: IEA Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS)

PIRLS: reading, grade 4

540 PIRLS score latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: PIRLS: reading, grade 42001: 550; 2021: 54002004006002005201020152020

Average score of students in their fourth year of school (usually grade 4, about 10 years old) in the international PIRLS reading comprehension test. The PIRLS scale was set in 2001: 500 is the mean of that cycle's countries and 100 points is one standard deviation; the test is repeated every 5 years, and a country's scores from different cycles are comparable when IEA includes them in its trend table. Year is the cycle year. In 2021, because of COVID-19, some countries tested the same children at the beginning of grade 5 (at least 4 months older: the United States, Ireland, Hungary, Croatia, Lithuania and others) and six tested a year later (England, Australia, Brazil, Iran, Israel, South Africa); about half the countries tested on computer (digitalPIRLS). Some countries test the next grade up (Norway, grade 5). Values IEA flags as not reliably measured (more than 25% of students too low to estimate) are left out. Russia took part in every cycle 2001-2021; Moscow City is a separate participant. Figures come from the PIRLS 2021 trend tables; for countries absent there, from the PIRLS 2016 report. Source: IEA, TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Center.

Source: IEA Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS)

PIRLS: grade 4 students below the Low reading benchmark

7 % of students latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: PIRLS: grade 4 students below the Low reading benchmark2001: 5; 2021: 7024682005201020152020

Share of students in their fourth year of school (about 10) who score below 400 PIRLS points, the Low International Benchmark: finding an explicitly stated detail in a simple text. Computed as 100 minus the IEA-published percentage reaching 400 (whole percentages). The PIRLS scale was set in 2001: 500 is the mean of that cycle's countries and 100 points is one standard deviation; the test is repeated every 5 years, and a country's scores from different cycles are comparable when IEA includes them in its trend table. Year is the cycle year. In 2021, because of COVID-19, some countries tested the same children at the beginning of grade 5 (at least 4 months older: the United States, Ireland, Hungary, Croatia, Lithuania and others) and six tested a year later (England, Australia, Brazil, Iran, Israel, South Africa); about half the countries tested on computer (digitalPIRLS). Some countries test the next grade up (Norway, grade 5). Values IEA flags as not reliably measured (more than 25% of students too low to estimate) are left out. Russia took part in every cycle 2001-2021; Moscow City is a separate participant. Figures come from the PIRLS 2021 trend tables; for countries absent there, from the PIRLS 2016 report. Source: IEA, TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Center.

Source: IEA Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS)

HBSC: problematic social media use, 15-year-olds

17 % of pupils latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: HBSC: problematic social media use, 15-year-olds2022: 17; 2022: 17051015202020

Share of 15-year-old pupils with six or more of the nine symptoms of the Social Media Disorder Scale (yes/no items: preoccupation, conflicts, lying about time spent and others). First asked in 2017/18. HBSC survey with the WHO Regional Office for Europe: pupils aged 11, 13 and 15 fill in a questionnaire in class, about 1500 per age group and country; waves 2013/14, 2017/18 and 2021/22 (charted at the end year). Value: prevalence for girls and boys combined, the value the HBSC data browser sorts countries by (its charts print whole percentages for girls and boys separately — those are in the education_hbsc dataset). The 2021/22 wave ran under COVID-19 with a relaxed age window (80% instead of 90% of pupils within half a year of the mean age). Participation varies: Russia 2013/14 and 2017/18, Ukraine up to 2017/18. England, Scotland, Wales and the two Belgian communities take part separately and are not shown here (they are in the dataset). Source: HBSC Data Browser; the same numbers are in the annexes of the WHO HBSC 2021/22 reports.

Source: HBSC — Health Behaviour in School-aged Children, WHO Regional Office for Europe collaborative study (HBSC Data Browser, waves 2013/14-2021/22)

HBSC: continuous online contact with friends and others, 15-year-olds

34 % of pupils latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: HBSC: continuous online contact with friends and others, 15-year-olds2018: 39; 2022: 340102030402020

Share of 15-year-olds in online contact through social media "almost all the time throughout the day" with at least one of four groups: close friends, a larger friend group, friends met online, other people. A frequency of contact, not a symptom of addiction. First asked in 2017/18. HBSC survey with the WHO Regional Office for Europe: pupils aged 11, 13 and 15 fill in a questionnaire in class, about 1500 per age group and country; waves 2013/14, 2017/18 and 2021/22 (charted at the end year). Value: prevalence for girls and boys combined, the value the HBSC data browser sorts countries by (its charts print whole percentages for girls and boys separately — those are in the education_hbsc dataset). The 2021/22 wave ran under COVID-19 with a relaxed age window (80% instead of 90% of pupils within half a year of the mean age). Participation varies: Russia 2013/14 and 2017/18, Ukraine up to 2017/18. England, Scotland, Wales and the two Belgian communities take part separately and are not shown here (they are in the dataset). Source: HBSC Data Browser; the same numbers are in the annexes of the WHO HBSC 2021/22 reports.

Source: HBSC — Health Behaviour in School-aged Children, WHO Regional Office for Europe collaborative study (HBSC Data Browser, waves 2013/14-2021/22)

HBSC: difficulty getting to sleep more than once a week, 15-year-olds

30 % of pupils latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: HBSC: difficulty getting to sleep more than once a week, 15-year-olds2014: 26; 2022: 3001020304020152020

Share of 15-year-olds who had difficulty getting to sleep more than once a week in the last six months ("about every day" or "more than once a week" of five options). A complaint about falling asleep, not sleep duration. HBSC survey with the WHO Regional Office for Europe: pupils aged 11, 13 and 15 fill in a questionnaire in class, about 1500 per age group and country; waves 2013/14, 2017/18 and 2021/22 (charted at the end year). Value: prevalence for girls and boys combined, the value the HBSC data browser sorts countries by (its charts print whole percentages for girls and boys separately — those are in the education_hbsc dataset). The 2021/22 wave ran under COVID-19 with a relaxed age window (80% instead of 90% of pupils within half a year of the mean age). Participation varies: Russia 2013/14 and 2017/18, Ukraine up to 2017/18. England, Scotland, Wales and the two Belgian communities take part separately and are not shown here (they are in the dataset). Source: HBSC Data Browser; the same numbers are in the annexes of the WHO HBSC 2021/22 reports.

Source: HBSC — Health Behaviour in School-aged Children, WHO Regional Office for Europe collaborative study (HBSC Data Browser, waves 2013/14-2021/22)

HBSC: pressured by schoolwork, 15-year-olds

45 % of pupils latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: HBSC: pressured by schoolwork, 15-year-olds2014: 38; 2022: 450102030405020152020

Share of 15-year-olds who feel pressured by the schoolwork they have to do "some" or "a lot" (options: not at all, a little, some, a lot). HBSC survey with the WHO Regional Office for Europe: pupils aged 11, 13 and 15 fill in a questionnaire in class, about 1500 per age group and country; waves 2013/14, 2017/18 and 2021/22 (charted at the end year). Value: prevalence for girls and boys combined, the value the HBSC data browser sorts countries by (its charts print whole percentages for girls and boys separately — those are in the education_hbsc dataset). The 2021/22 wave ran under COVID-19 with a relaxed age window (80% instead of 90% of pupils within half a year of the mean age). Participation varies: Russia 2013/14 and 2017/18, Ukraine up to 2017/18. England, Scotland, Wales and the two Belgian communities take part separately and are not shown here (they are in the dataset). Source: HBSC Data Browser; the same numbers are in the annexes of the WHO HBSC 2021/22 reports.

Source: HBSC — Health Behaviour in School-aged Children, WHO Regional Office for Europe collaborative study (HBSC Data Browser, waves 2013/14-2021/22)

HBSC: like school a lot, 15-year-olds

29 % of pupils latest value, 2022

Bulgaria: HBSC: like school a lot, 15-year-olds2014: 28; 2022: 29010203020152020

Share of 15-year-olds who answered "I like it a lot" to "how do you feel about school at present" (four options, down to "I don't like it at all"). HBSC survey with the WHO Regional Office for Europe: pupils aged 11, 13 and 15 fill in a questionnaire in class, about 1500 per age group and country; waves 2013/14, 2017/18 and 2021/22 (charted at the end year). Value: prevalence for girls and boys combined, the value the HBSC data browser sorts countries by (its charts print whole percentages for girls and boys separately — those are in the education_hbsc dataset). The 2021/22 wave ran under COVID-19 with a relaxed age window (80% instead of 90% of pupils within half a year of the mean age). Participation varies: Russia 2013/14 and 2017/18, Ukraine up to 2017/18. England, Scotland, Wales and the two Belgian communities take part separately and are not shown here (they are in the dataset). Source: HBSC Data Browser; the same numbers are in the annexes of the WHO HBSC 2021/22 reports.

Source: HBSC — Health Behaviour in School-aged Children, WHO Regional Office for Europe collaborative study (HBSC Data Browser, waves 2013/14-2021/22)

Education and work

Unemployment aged 25-29: below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) (Eurostat)

18.7 % of labour force latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unemployment aged 25-29: below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) (Eurostat)2000: 33.1; 2025: 18.701020304050200020052010201520202025

Unemployed as a share of the labour force, people aged 25-29 with below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) education. EU Labour Force Survey, annual average of quarters. ISCED 2011 levels: 0-2 up to lower secondary, 3-4 upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary, 5-8 tertiary including short-cycle. Unemployment is relative to the labour force (students not seeking work are outside it), employment to the whole population of the group. Break and low-reliability flags are in the labour_education_eurostat dataset. Source: Eurostat, lfsa_urgaed.

Source: Eurostat — EU Labour Force Survey: unemployment and employment by education (lfsa_urgaed, lfsa_ergaed)

Unemployment aged 25-29: upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) (Eurostat)

3.8 % of labour force latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unemployment aged 25-29: upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) (Eurostat)2000: 16.9; 2025: 3.80510152025200020052010201520202025

Unemployed as a share of the labour force, people aged 25-29 with upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) education. EU Labour Force Survey, annual average of quarters. ISCED 2011 levels: 0-2 up to lower secondary, 3-4 upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary, 5-8 tertiary including short-cycle. Unemployment is relative to the labour force (students not seeking work are outside it), employment to the whole population of the group. Break and low-reliability flags are in the labour_education_eurostat dataset. Source: Eurostat, lfsa_urgaed.

Source: Eurostat — EU Labour Force Survey: unemployment and employment by education (lfsa_urgaed, lfsa_ergaed)

Unemployment aged 25-29: tertiary (ISCED 5-8) (Eurostat)

3.7 % of labour force latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unemployment aged 25-29: tertiary (ISCED 5-8) (Eurostat)2000: 10.2; 2025: 3.705101520200020052010201520202025

Unemployed as a share of the labour force, people aged 25-29 with tertiary (ISCED 5-8) education. EU Labour Force Survey, annual average of quarters. ISCED 2011 levels: 0-2 up to lower secondary, 3-4 upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary, 5-8 tertiary including short-cycle. Unemployment is relative to the labour force (students not seeking work are outside it), employment to the whole population of the group. Break and low-reliability flags are in the labour_education_eurostat dataset. Source: Eurostat, lfsa_urgaed.

Source: Eurostat — EU Labour Force Survey: unemployment and employment by education (lfsa_urgaed, lfsa_ergaed)

Unemployment aged 25-64: below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) (Eurostat)

12.2 % of labour force latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unemployment aged 25-64: below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) (Eurostat)2000: 23.3; 2025: 12.2010203040200020052010201520202025

Unemployed as a share of the labour force, people aged 25-64 with below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) education. EU Labour Force Survey, annual average of quarters. ISCED 2011 levels: 0-2 up to lower secondary, 3-4 upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary, 5-8 tertiary including short-cycle. Unemployment is relative to the labour force (students not seeking work are outside it), employment to the whole population of the group. Break and low-reliability flags are in the labour_education_eurostat dataset. Source: Eurostat, lfsa_urgaed.

Source: Eurostat — EU Labour Force Survey: unemployment and employment by education (lfsa_urgaed, lfsa_ergaed)

Unemployment aged 25-64: upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) (Eurostat)

3.1 % of labour force latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unemployment aged 25-64: upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) (Eurostat)2000: 13.8; 2025: 3.105101520200020052010201520202025

Unemployed as a share of the labour force, people aged 25-64 with upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) education. EU Labour Force Survey, annual average of quarters. ISCED 2011 levels: 0-2 up to lower secondary, 3-4 upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary, 5-8 tertiary including short-cycle. Unemployment is relative to the labour force (students not seeking work are outside it), employment to the whole population of the group. Break and low-reliability flags are in the labour_education_eurostat dataset. Source: Eurostat, lfsa_urgaed.

Source: Eurostat — EU Labour Force Survey: unemployment and employment by education (lfsa_urgaed, lfsa_ergaed)

Unemployment aged 25-64: tertiary (ISCED 5-8) (Eurostat)

1.4 % of labour force latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unemployment aged 25-64: tertiary (ISCED 5-8) (Eurostat)2000: 6.3; 2025: 1.40246810200020052010201520202025

Unemployed as a share of the labour force, people aged 25-64 with tertiary (ISCED 5-8) education. EU Labour Force Survey, annual average of quarters. ISCED 2011 levels: 0-2 up to lower secondary, 3-4 upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary, 5-8 tertiary including short-cycle. Unemployment is relative to the labour force (students not seeking work are outside it), employment to the whole population of the group. Break and low-reliability flags are in the labour_education_eurostat dataset. Source: Eurostat, lfsa_urgaed.

Source: Eurostat — EU Labour Force Survey: unemployment and employment by education (lfsa_urgaed, lfsa_ergaed)

Employment aged 25-29: below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) (Eurostat)

33.2 % of population latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Employment aged 25-29: below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) (Eurostat)2000: 38.8; 2025: 33.201020304050200020052010201520202025

Employed as a share of the whole population, people aged 25-29 with below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) education. EU Labour Force Survey, annual average of quarters. ISCED 2011 levels: 0-2 up to lower secondary, 3-4 upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary, 5-8 tertiary including short-cycle. Unemployment is relative to the labour force (students not seeking work are outside it), employment to the whole population of the group. Break and low-reliability flags are in the labour_education_eurostat dataset. Source: Eurostat, lfsa_ergaed.

Source: Eurostat — EU Labour Force Survey: unemployment and employment by education (lfsa_urgaed, lfsa_ergaed)

Employment aged 25-29: upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) (Eurostat)

75.2 % of population latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Employment aged 25-29: upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) (Eurostat)2000: 63; 2025: 75.2020406080200020052010201520202025

Employed as a share of the whole population, people aged 25-29 with upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) education. EU Labour Force Survey, annual average of quarters. ISCED 2011 levels: 0-2 up to lower secondary, 3-4 upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary, 5-8 tertiary including short-cycle. Unemployment is relative to the labour force (students not seeking work are outside it), employment to the whole population of the group. Break and low-reliability flags are in the labour_education_eurostat dataset. Source: Eurostat, lfsa_ergaed.

Source: Eurostat — EU Labour Force Survey: unemployment and employment by education (lfsa_urgaed, lfsa_ergaed)

Employment aged 25-29: tertiary (ISCED 5-8) (Eurostat)

85.1 % of population latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Employment aged 25-29: tertiary (ISCED 5-8) (Eurostat)2000: 76.2; 2025: 85.1020406080100200020052010201520202025

Employed as a share of the whole population, people aged 25-29 with tertiary (ISCED 5-8) education. EU Labour Force Survey, annual average of quarters. ISCED 2011 levels: 0-2 up to lower secondary, 3-4 upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary, 5-8 tertiary including short-cycle. Unemployment is relative to the labour force (students not seeking work are outside it), employment to the whole population of the group. Break and low-reliability flags are in the labour_education_eurostat dataset. Source: Eurostat, lfsa_ergaed.

Source: Eurostat — EU Labour Force Survey: unemployment and employment by education (lfsa_urgaed, lfsa_ergaed)

Employment aged 25-64: below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) (Eurostat)

47.5 % of population latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Employment aged 25-64: below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) (Eurostat)2000: 38.7; 2025: 47.50204060200020052010201520202025

Employed as a share of the whole population, people aged 25-64 with below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) education. EU Labour Force Survey, annual average of quarters. ISCED 2011 levels: 0-2 up to lower secondary, 3-4 upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary, 5-8 tertiary including short-cycle. Unemployment is relative to the labour force (students not seeking work are outside it), employment to the whole population of the group. Break and low-reliability flags are in the labour_education_eurostat dataset. Source: Eurostat, lfsa_ergaed.

Source: Eurostat — EU Labour Force Survey: unemployment and employment by education (lfsa_urgaed, lfsa_ergaed)

Employment aged 25-64: upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) (Eurostat)

81.1 % of population latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Employment aged 25-64: upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) (Eurostat)2000: 66.7; 2025: 81.1020406080100200020052010201520202025

Employed as a share of the whole population, people aged 25-64 with upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) education. EU Labour Force Survey, annual average of quarters. ISCED 2011 levels: 0-2 up to lower secondary, 3-4 upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary, 5-8 tertiary including short-cycle. Unemployment is relative to the labour force (students not seeking work are outside it), employment to the whole population of the group. Break and low-reliability flags are in the labour_education_eurostat dataset. Source: Eurostat, lfsa_ergaed.

Source: Eurostat — EU Labour Force Survey: unemployment and employment by education (lfsa_urgaed, lfsa_ergaed)

Employment aged 25-64: tertiary (ISCED 5-8) (Eurostat)

92.3 % of population latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Employment aged 25-64: tertiary (ISCED 5-8) (Eurostat)2000: 78.1; 2025: 92.3020406080100200020052010201520202025

Employed as a share of the whole population, people aged 25-64 with tertiary (ISCED 5-8) education. EU Labour Force Survey, annual average of quarters. ISCED 2011 levels: 0-2 up to lower secondary, 3-4 upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary, 5-8 tertiary including short-cycle. Unemployment is relative to the labour force (students not seeking work are outside it), employment to the whole population of the group. Break and low-reliability flags are in the labour_education_eurostat dataset. Source: Eurostat, lfsa_ergaed.

Source: Eurostat — EU Labour Force Survey: unemployment and employment by education (lfsa_urgaed, lfsa_ergaed)

Unemployment aged 25-34: below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) (OECD)

15.6 % of labour force latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unemployment aged 25-34: below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) (OECD)2015: 27.5; 2025: 15.60102030201520202025

Unemployed as a share of the labour force, people aged 25-34 with below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) education. OECD Education at a Glance, from national labour force surveys. Standard errors (mostly from 2015) and break flags are in the labour_education_oecd dataset. The OECD age band 25-34 differs from Eurostat's 25-29.

Source: OECD — Education at a Glance database, labour market outcomes by educational attainment

Unemployment aged 25-34: upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) (OECD)

3.6 % of labour force latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unemployment aged 25-34: upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) (OECD)2015: 9.4; 2025: 3.60246810201520202025

Unemployed as a share of the labour force, people aged 25-34 with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) education. OECD Education at a Glance, from national labour force surveys. Standard errors (mostly from 2015) and break flags are in the labour_education_oecd dataset. The OECD age band 25-34 differs from Eurostat's 25-29.

Source: OECD — Education at a Glance database, labour market outcomes by educational attainment

Unemployment aged 25-34: tertiary (ISCED 5-8) (OECD)

2.3 % of labour force latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unemployment aged 25-34: tertiary (ISCED 5-8) (OECD)2015: 5.3; 2025: 2.30246201520202025

Unemployed as a share of the labour force, people aged 25-34 with tertiary (ISCED 5-8) education. OECD Education at a Glance, from national labour force surveys. Standard errors (mostly from 2015) and break flags are in the labour_education_oecd dataset. The OECD age band 25-34 differs from Eurostat's 25-29.

Source: OECD — Education at a Glance database, labour market outcomes by educational attainment

Employment aged 25-34: below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) (OECD)

39.5 % of population latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Employment aged 25-34: below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) (OECD)2015: 36.8; 2025: 39.501020304050201520202025

Employed as a share of the whole population, people aged 25-34 with below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) education. OECD Education at a Glance, from national labour force surveys. Standard errors (mostly from 2015) and break flags are in the labour_education_oecd dataset. The OECD age band 25-34 differs from Eurostat's 25-29.

Source: OECD — Education at a Glance database, labour market outcomes by educational attainment

Employment aged 25-34: upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) (OECD)

79.5 % of population latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Employment aged 25-34: upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) (OECD)2015: 73.8; 2025: 79.5020406080100201520202025

Employed as a share of the whole population, people aged 25-34 with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED 3-4) education. OECD Education at a Glance, from national labour force surveys. Standard errors (mostly from 2015) and break flags are in the labour_education_oecd dataset. The OECD age band 25-34 differs from Eurostat's 25-29.

Source: OECD — Education at a Glance database, labour market outcomes by educational attainment

Employment aged 25-34: tertiary (ISCED 5-8) (OECD)

89.9 % of population latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Employment aged 25-34: tertiary (ISCED 5-8) (OECD)2015: 84; 2025: 89.9020406080100201520202025

Employed as a share of the whole population, people aged 25-34 with tertiary (ISCED 5-8) education. OECD Education at a Glance, from national labour force surveys. Standard errors (mostly from 2015) and break flags are in the labour_education_oecd dataset. The OECD age band 25-34 differs from Eurostat's 25-29.

Source: OECD — Education at a Glance database, labour market outcomes by educational attainment

Earnings aged 25-64, tertiary (ISCED 5-8) relative to upper secondary (OECD)

174 % (upper secondary = 100) latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Earnings aged 25-64, tertiary (ISCED 5-8) relative to upper secondary (OECD)2020: 174; 2023: 1740501001502002020

Earnings of full-time full-year workers aged 25-64 with tertiary (ISCED 5-8) education as a percentage of the earnings of similar workers with upper secondary education (= 100). OECD Education at a Glance; earnings come from surveys or tax and register data, the reference year lags by one or two years in some countries. All earners (not only full-time) are in the labour_education_oecd dataset.

Source: OECD — Education at a Glance database, labour market outcomes by educational attainment

Earnings aged 25-64, below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) relative to upper secondary (OECD)

67 % (upper secondary = 100) latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Earnings aged 25-64, below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) relative to upper secondary (OECD)2020: 75; 2023: 670204060802020

Earnings of full-time full-year workers aged 25-64 with below upper secondary (ISCED 0-2) education as a percentage of the earnings of similar workers with upper secondary education (= 100). OECD Education at a Glance; earnings come from surveys or tax and register data, the reference year lags by one or two years in some countries. All earners (not only full-time) are in the labour_education_oecd dataset.

Source: OECD — Education at a Glance database, labour market outcomes by educational attainment

Earnings aged 25-34, tertiary (ISCED 5-8) relative to upper secondary (OECD)

162 % (upper secondary = 100) latest value, 2023

Bulgaria: Earnings aged 25-34, tertiary (ISCED 5-8) relative to upper secondary (OECD)2020: 151; 2023: 1620501001502002020

Earnings of full-time full-year workers aged 25-34 with tertiary (ISCED 5-8) education as a percentage of the earnings of similar workers with upper secondary education (= 100). OECD Education at a Glance; earnings come from surveys or tax and register data, the reference year lags by one or two years in some countries. All earners (not only full-time) are in the labour_education_oecd dataset.

Source: OECD — Education at a Glance database, labour market outcomes by educational attainment

Unemployment aged 25 and over: basic education (ILO)

11.7 % of labour force latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unemployment aged 25 and over: basic education (ILO)2000: 22.5; 2025: 11.70102030200020052010201520202025

Unemployed as a share of the labour force, people aged 25 and over with basic education. ILO (ILOSTAT) from national labour force and other surveys: a country appears only in years with a survey; these are not ILO modelled estimates. Levels are the ILO aggregate of national classifications (by ISCED): basic up to lower secondary, intermediate upper secondary and post-secondary, advanced tertiary. Unreliable flags and survey type are in the labour_education_ilostat dataset. Source: ILO, UNE_DEAP_SEX_AGE_EDU_RT_A.

Source: ILO, ILOSTAT — unemployment and employment by level of education (national surveys)

Unemployment aged 25 and over: intermediate education (ILO)

3 % of labour force latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unemployment aged 25 and over: intermediate education (ILO)2000: 13.8; 2025: 305101520200020052010201520202025

Unemployed as a share of the labour force, people aged 25 and over with intermediate education. ILO (ILOSTAT) from national labour force and other surveys: a country appears only in years with a survey; these are not ILO modelled estimates. Levels are the ILO aggregate of national classifications (by ISCED): basic up to lower secondary, intermediate upper secondary and post-secondary, advanced tertiary. Unreliable flags and survey type are in the labour_education_ilostat dataset. Source: ILO, UNE_DEAP_SEX_AGE_EDU_RT_A.

Source: ILO, ILOSTAT — unemployment and employment by level of education (national surveys)

Unemployment aged 25 and over: advanced (tertiary) education (ILO)

1.4 % of labour force latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unemployment aged 25 and over: advanced (tertiary) education (ILO)2000: 6.3; 2025: 1.40246810200020052010201520202025

Unemployed as a share of the labour force, people aged 25 and over with advanced (tertiary) education. ILO (ILOSTAT) from national labour force and other surveys: a country appears only in years with a survey; these are not ILO modelled estimates. Levels are the ILO aggregate of national classifications (by ISCED): basic up to lower secondary, intermediate upper secondary and post-secondary, advanced tertiary. Unreliable flags and survey type are in the labour_education_ilostat dataset. Source: ILO, UNE_DEAP_SEX_AGE_EDU_RT_A.

Source: ILO, ILOSTAT — unemployment and employment by level of education (national surveys)

Unemployment aged 15-24: basic education (ILO)

23.2 % of labour force latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Unemployment aged 15-24: basic education (ILO)2000: 44.7; 2025: 23.20204060200020052010201520202025

Unemployed as a share of the labour force, people aged 15-24 with basic education. ILO (ILOSTAT) from national labour force and other surveys: a country appears only in years with a survey; these are not ILO modelled estimates. Levels are the ILO aggregate of national classifications (by ISCED): basic up to lower secondary, intermediate upper secondary and post-secondary, advanced tertiary. Unreliable flags and survey type are in the labour_education_ilostat dataset. Source: ILO, UNE_DEAP_SEX_AGE_EDU_RT_A.

Source: ILO, ILOSTAT — unemployment and employment by level of education (national surveys)

Unemployment aged 15-24: advanced (tertiary) education (ILO)

17.5 % of labour force latest value, 2021

Bulgaria: Unemployment aged 15-24: advanced (tertiary) education (ILO)2000: 17.1; 2021: 17.5010203020002005201020152020

Unemployed as a share of the labour force, people aged 15-24 with advanced (tertiary) education. ILO (ILOSTAT) from national labour force and other surveys: a country appears only in years with a survey; these are not ILO modelled estimates. Levels are the ILO aggregate of national classifications (by ISCED): basic up to lower secondary, intermediate upper secondary and post-secondary, advanced tertiary. Unreliable flags and survey type are in the labour_education_ilostat dataset. Source: ILO, UNE_DEAP_SEX_AGE_EDU_RT_A.

Source: ILO, ILOSTAT — unemployment and employment by level of education (national surveys)

Employment aged 25 and over: basic education (ILO)

27.8 % of population latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Employment aged 25 and over: basic education (ILO)2000: 24; 2025: 27.80102030200020052010201520202025

Employed as a share of the population, people aged 25 and over with basic education. ILO (ILOSTAT) from national labour force and other surveys: a country appears only in years with a survey; these are not ILO modelled estimates. Levels are the ILO aggregate of national classifications (by ISCED): basic up to lower secondary, intermediate upper secondary and post-secondary, advanced tertiary. Unreliable flags and survey type are in the labour_education_ilostat dataset. Source: ILO, EMP_DWAP_SEX_AGE_EDU_RT_A.

Source: ILO, ILOSTAT — unemployment and employment by level of education (national surveys)

Employment aged 25 and over: advanced (tertiary) education (ILO)

75.9 % of population latest value, 2025

Bulgaria: Employment aged 25 and over: advanced (tertiary) education (ILO)2000: 70; 2025: 75.9020406080200020052010201520202025

Employed as a share of the population, people aged 25 and over with advanced (tertiary) education. ILO (ILOSTAT) from national labour force and other surveys: a country appears only in years with a survey; these are not ILO modelled estimates. Levels are the ILO aggregate of national classifications (by ISCED): basic up to lower secondary, intermediate upper secondary and post-secondary, advanced tertiary. Unreliable flags and survey type are in the labour_education_ilostat dataset. Source: ILO, EMP_DWAP_SEX_AGE_EDU_RT_A.

Source: ILO, ILOSTAT — unemployment and employment by level of education (national surveys)

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