Population
167k persons, 1 July latest value, 2023
Population on 1 July. UN estimate to 2023, medium variant from 2024; past UN revisions for forecast checks.
Guam
All indicators of the Macroscope base for Guam, with sources. Below: what past UN and IMF releases projected and what actually happened.
What the data shows
Computed with the same code as the observations under the main chart and in the API (get_insights). Moving together in time does not prove a cause.
How the indicators changed
- Fertility (TFR): 5.21 in 1950 → 2.78 in 2023 (−47%). Peak: 6.45 in 1957; the latest value is 57% lower. The trend broke around 1957 and 1979: +0.17 → −0.16 → 0 a year.
- Births: 1.76k in 1950 → 2.94k in 2023 (+67%). Peak: 3.76k in 1998; the latest value is 22% lower. The trend broke around 1984 and 1992: +0.03k → +0.08k → −0.02k a year.
- Population: 60.8k in 1950 → 167k in 2023 (×2.7). The trend broke around 1968 and 2001: +1.33k → +2.49k → +0.02k a year.
- Internet: 0% in 1990 → 80.5% in 2017 (+81 pp). Thresholds: above 10% since 2000, above 50% since 2009. Fastest growth in 1998–2003: 4.5% → 33.7%.
- Urban share: 79.3% in 1960 → 94.2% in 2025 (+15 pp). The trend broke around 1966 and 2009: +1.2 → +0.15 → +0.01 a year.
- Net migration: on average −0.93k a year in the 1950s, −0.17k a year in the 1960s, −0.21k a year in the 1970s, 0.18k a year in the 1980s, −0.86k a year in the 1990s, −1.92k a year in the 2000s, −2.91k a year in the 2010s, −0.37k a year in the 2020s.
- Life expectancy, men: 58.5 years in 1950 → 73.4 years in 2023 (+15 years). Threshold: above 70 years since 1984. The trend broke around 1974 and 1987: +0.24 → +0.52 → +0.05 a year.
What changed at the same time
- The fastest decline of "Fertility (TFR)" was in 1962–1972: 5.90 → 4.05. Over the same years: births 2.5k → 2.73k; population 73.2k → 92.6k; urban share 83.1% → 88.7%; net migration −0.18k a year → −0.1k a year; life expectancy, men 62.2 years → 63.7 years; no data for the others in those years.
- Over the last 10 years (2013–2023): fertility (TFR) 2.88 → 2.78; births 3.31k → 2.94k; population 166k → 167k; internet 65.4% (2013); urban share 94.1% → 94.1%; net migration −2.81k a year → −0.5k a year; life expectancy, men 72.7 years → 73.4 years.
How the indicators relate
- Fertility (TFR) and internet (1990–2017, 25 years): levels are barely related (r = 0.01); year-to-year changes show no reliable link (r = −0.22).
- Fertility (TFR) and urban share (1960–2023, 64 years): levels are strongly related, in opposite directions (r = −0.85); year-to-year changes show no reliable link (r = 0.01). This looks like a shared trend: both change over time, but not in step from year to year.
Against other countries
- Order of events: urban majority: already in 1960; fertility below 3: 1981; half the population online: 2009. Fertility fell below 3 after the urban share passed 50% in 69% of 111 countries where the order is known; median gap 9 years. Fertility fell below 2.1 before half the population went online in 88% of 112 countries where the order is known.
Forecasts vs actual
- Fertility (TFR): past UN projections. The outcome was below the projection in 0 of 11 revisions (1998–2022) and above in 11; median gap +30%.
- The UN 2000 projection expected this level (2.78) already around 2017: reality is 6 years behind it.
- Fertility (TFR): UN 2024 projection (medium): 2050 — 2.15 (−23% vs 2023), 2100 — 1.84 (−34% vs 2023); low variant for 2100: 1.34.
- Births: past UN projections. The outcome was below the projection in 7 of 11 revisions (1998–2022) and above in 4; median gap −0.8%.
- The UN 2002 projection did not expect today's level (2.94k, 2023) before its horizon ended (2050).
- The UN 2008 projection expected today's level (2.94k, 2023) only after 2035: reality is at least 12 years ahead of it.
- Births: UN 2024 projection (medium): 2050 — 2.78k (−5% vs 2023), 2100 — 2.01k (−32% vs 2023); low variant for 2100: 0.83k.
- Population: past UN projections. The outcome was below the projection in 12 of 12 revisions (1998–2022) and above in none; median gap −20%.
- The UN 1998 projection expected this level (167k) already around 1999: reality is 24 years behind it.
- The UN 2017 projection expected this level (167k) already around 2018: reality is 5 years behind it.
- Population: UN 2024 projection (medium): 2050 — 192k (+15% vs 2023), 2100 — 206k (+23% vs 2023); low variant for 2100: 143k.
- Why the UN missed the population. The 1998 projection for 2023: 223k; the UN's 2024 estimate: 167k (−25%). Parts of the gap (plus means more people than projected): the starting population −1k, births −5.8k, deaths +4.3k (fewer deaths than expected), migration −54k; the largest: migration.
- Why the UN missed the population. The 2010 projection for 2023: 208k; the UN's 2024 estimate: 167k (−20%). Parts of the gap (plus means more people than projected): the starting population −13.4k, births −0.8k, deaths +1.6k (fewer deaths than expected), migration −29.1k; the largest: migration.
- Net migration: past UN projections. The outcome was above the projection in 2 of 12 revisions (1998–2022) and below in 9; median difference −0.39k a year. The biggest miss: the 1998 revision expected 0 a year for 2020–2025; the outcome was −0.39k a year (for the years of the period so far).
- Net migration: UN 2024 projection (medium): 2030 — −0.39k a year, 2050 — −0.28k a year, 2100 — −0.18k a year.
- Life expectancy, men: past UN projections. The outcome was above the projection in none of 12 revisions (1998–2022) and below in 12; median difference −2.9 years. The biggest miss: the 2015 revision expected 79 years for 2020–2025; the outcome was 72.6 years (for the years of the period so far).
- Life expectancy, men: UN 2024 projection (medium): 2030 — 75 years, 2050 — 79.1 years, 2100 — 86.1 years.
UN projections vs actual
Solid line: actual data, UN WPP 2024 estimates; births and fertility from national statistics from the last year they matched the UN estimate (the UN's figures for the latest years are partly its own projection). Dashed: medium variants of past UN revisions. The table shows what each revision expected for the latest year (or five-year period) with actual data.
Population
persons, 1 July
- Actual
- UN 1998
- UN 2000
- UN 2002
- UN 2004
- UN 2006
- UN 2008
- UN 2010
- UN 2012
- UN 2015
- UN 2017
- UN 2019
- UN 2022
- UN 2024, medium
| Release | Target period | Horizon | Expected | Actual | Actual vs expected |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UN 1998 | 2023 | 25 years | 223k | 167k | −25.4% |
| UN 2000 | 2023 | 23 years | 236k | 167k | −29.4% |
| UN 2002 | 2023 | 21 years | 210k | 167k | −20.9% |
| UN 2004 | 2023 | 19 years | 213k | 167k | −21.7% |
| UN 2006 | 2023 | 17 years | 208k | 167k | −19.8% |
| UN 2008 | 2023 | 15 years | 208k | 167k | −19.8% |
| UN 2010 | 2023 | 13 years | 208k | 167k | −20% |
| UN 2012 | 2023 | 11 years | 187k | 167k | −10.7% |
| UN 2015 | 2023 | 8 years | 187k | 167k | −10.8% |
| UN 2017 | 2023 | 6 years | 173k | 167k | −3.6% |
| UN 2019 | 2023 | 4 years | 173k | 167k | −3.7% |
| UN 2022 | 2023 | 1 year | 173k | 167k | −3.7% |
Births
births per year
- Actual
- UN 1998
- UN 2000
- UN 2002
- UN 2004
- UN 2006
- UN 2008
- UN 2010
- UN 2012
- UN 2015
- UN 2017
- UN 2019
- UN 2022
- UN 2024, medium
| Release | Target period | Horizon | Expected | Actual | Actual vs expected |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UN 1998 | 2015–2020 | 20 years | 3.53k | 3.28k | −7.3% |
| UN 2000 | 2015–2020 | 18 years | 4.63k | 3.28k | −29.3% |
| UN 2002 | 2015–2020 | 16 years | 3.54k | 3.28k | −7.5% |
| UN 2004 | 2015–2020 | 14 years | 3.49k | 3.28k | −6.1% |
| UN 2006 | 2015–2020 | 12 years | 3.3k | 3.28k | −0.8% |
| UN 2008 | 2015–2020 | 10 years | 3.3k | 3.28k | −0.8% |
| UN 2010 | 2015–2020 | 8 years | 3.34k | 3.28k | −2% |
| UN 2012 | 2015–2020 | 6 years | 2.95k | 3.28k | +10.9% |
| UN 2015 | 2015–2020 | 2 years | 2.96k | 3.28k | +10.6% |
| UN 2017 | 2015–2020 | 0 years | 2.75k | 3.28k | +19.2% |
| UN 2022 | 2023 | 1 year | 2.82k | 2.94k | +4.2% |
Total fertility rate
children per woman
- Actual
- UN 1998
- UN 2000
- UN 2002
- UN 2004
- UN 2006
- UN 2008
- UN 2010
- UN 2012
- UN 2015
- UN 2017
- UN 2019
- UN 2022
- UN 2024, medium
| Release | Target period | Horizon | Expected | Actual | Actual vs expected |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UN 1998 | 2015–2020 | 20 years | 2.10 | 3.02 | +43.9% |
| UN 2000 | 2015–2020 | 18 years | 2.79 | 3.02 | +8.3% |
| UN 2002 | 2015–2020 | 16 years | 2.34 | 3.02 | +29.2% |
| UN 2004 | 2015–2020 | 14 years | 2.37 | 3.02 | +27.8% |
| UN 2006 | 2015–2020 | 12 years | 2.27 | 3.02 | +32.9% |
| UN 2008 | 2015–2020 | 10 years | 2.27 | 3.02 | +32.9% |
| UN 2010 | 2015–2020 | 8 years | 2.30 | 3.02 | +31.1% |
| UN 2012 | 2015–2020 | 6 years | 2.31 | 3.02 | +30.8% |
| UN 2015 | 2015–2020 | 2 years | 2.32 | 3.02 | +30.4% |
| UN 2017 | 2015–2020 | 0 years | 2.32 | 3.02 | +30.3% |
| UN 2022 | 2023 | 1 year | 2.53 | 2.78 | +10.1% |
Deaths
thousand deaths per year
- Actual
- UN 1998
- UN 2000
- UN 2002
- UN 2004
- UN 2006
- UN 2008
- UN 2010
- UN 2012
- UN 2015
- UN 2017
- UN 2019
- UN 2022
- UN 2024, medium
| Release | Target period | Horizon | Expected | Actual | Actual vs expected |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UN 1998 | 2015–2020 | 20 years | 1 | 1 | −18.7% |
| UN 2000 | 2015–2020 | 18 years | 1 | 1 | −9.4% |
| UN 2002 | 2015–2020 | 16 years | 1 | 1 | −10.1% |
| UN 2004 | 2015–2020 | 14 years | 1 | 1 | −9.5% |
| UN 2006 | 2015–2020 | 12 years | 1 | 1 | −11.1% |
| UN 2008 | 2015–2020 | 10 years | 1 | 1 | −11.1% |
| UN 2010 | 2015–2020 | 8 years | 1 | 1 | −10.1% |
| UN 2012 | 2015–2020 | 6 years | 1 | 1 | +20.7% |
| UN 2015 | 2015–2020 | 2 years | 1 | 1 | +20.7% |
| UN 2017 | 2015–2020 | 0 years | 1 | 1 | +21.9% |
| UN 2022 | 2023 | 1 year | 1 | 1 | −0.6% |
Infant mortality
deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
- Actual
- UN 1998
- UN 2000
- UN 2002
- UN 2004
- UN 2006
- UN 2008
- UN 2010
- UN 2012
- UN 2015
- UN 2017
- UN 2019
- UN 2022
- UN 2024, medium
| Release | Target period | Horizon | Expected | Actual | Actual vs expected |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UN 1998 | 2015–2020 | 20 years | 8.1 | 11.4 | +40.3% |
| UN 2000 | 2015–2020 | 18 years | 6.9 | 11.4 | +64.2% |
| UN 2002 | 2015–2020 | 16 years | 6.9 | 11.4 | +64.2% |
| UN 2004 | 2015–2020 | 14 years | 7.1 | 11.4 | +59.3% |
| UN 2006 | 2015–2020 | 12 years | 7.3 | 11.4 | +54.6% |
| UN 2008 | 2015–2020 | 10 years | 7.3 | 11.4 | +54.6% |
| UN 2010 | 2015–2020 | 8 years | 7.4 | 11.4 | +54.1% |
| UN 2012 | 2015–2020 | 6 years | 8.3 | 11.4 | +36.8% |
| UN 2015 | 2015–2020 | 2 years | 8.3 | 11.4 | +36.8% |
| UN 2017 | 2015–2020 | 0 years | 8.5 | 11.4 | +34.1% |
| UN 2022 | 2023 | 1 year | 9.5 | 11.4 | +21% |
Net migration
persons per year
- Actual
- UN 1998
- UN 2000
- UN 2002
- UN 2004
- UN 2006
- UN 2008
- UN 2010
- UN 2012
- UN 2015
- UN 2017
- UN 2019
- UN 2022
- UN 2024, medium
| Release | Target period | Horizon | Expected | Actual | Actual vs expected |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UN 1998 | 2020–2025* | 24 years | 0 | −0.39k | 0k a year |
| UN 2000 | 2020–2025* | 22 years | 0 | −0.39k | 0k a year |
| UN 2002 | 2020–2025* | 20 years | 0 | −0.39k | 0k a year |
| UN 2004 | 2020–2025* | 18 years | 0 | −0.39k | 0k a year |
| UN 2006 | 2020–2025* | 16 years | 0 | −0.39k | 0k a year |
| UN 2008 | 2020–2025* | 14 years | 0 | −0.39k | 0k a year |
| UN 2010 | 2020–2025* | 12 years | 0 | −0.39k | 0k a year |
| UN 2012 | 2020–2025* | 10 years | 0 | −0.39k | 0k a year |
| UN 2015 | 2020–2025* | 8 years | 0 | −0.39k | 0k a year |
| UN 2017 | 2020–2025* | 6 years | −0.51k | −0.39k | 0k a year |
| UN 2019 | 2020–2025* | 4 years | −0.51k | −0.39k | 0k a year |
| UN 2022 | 2023 | 1 year | −0.5k | −0.5k | 0k a year |
Life expectancy at birth, women
years
- Actual
- UN 1998
- UN 2000
- UN 2002
- UN 2004
- UN 2006
- UN 2008
- UN 2010
- UN 2012
- UN 2015
- UN 2017
- UN 2019
- UN 2022
- UN 2024, medium
| Release | Target period | Horizon | Expected | Actual | Actual vs expected |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UN 1998 | 2020–2025* | 24 years | 79.9 | 80.7 | +0.8 yrs |
| UN 2000 | 2020–2025* | 22 years | 80.4 | 80.7 | +0.3 yrs |
| UN 2002 | 2020–2025* | 20 years | 80.4 | 80.7 | +0.3 yrs |
| UN 2004 | 2020–2025* | 18 years | 80.2 | 80.7 | +0.5 yrs |
| UN 2006 | 2020–2025* | 16 years | 80.2 | 80.7 | +0.5 yrs |
| UN 2008 | 2020–2025* | 14 years | 80.2 | 80.7 | +0.5 yrs |
| UN 2010 | 2020–2025* | 12 years | 80.3 | 80.7 | +0.4 yrs |
| UN 2012 | 2020–2025* | 10 years | 83.6 | 80.7 | −2.9 yrs |
| UN 2015 | 2020–2025* | 8 years | 83.6 | 80.7 | −2.9 yrs |
| UN 2017 | 2020–2025* | 6 years | 83.1 | 80.7 | −2.4 yrs |
| UN 2019 | 2020–2025* | 4 years | 84 | 80.7 | −3.3 yrs |
| UN 2022 | 2023 | 1 year | 82.2 | 81.4 | −0.8 yrs |
Life expectancy at birth, men
years
- Actual
- UN 1998
- UN 2000
- UN 2002
- UN 2004
- UN 2006
- UN 2008
- UN 2010
- UN 2012
- UN 2015
- UN 2017
- UN 2019
- UN 2022
- UN 2024, medium
| Release | Target period | Horizon | Expected | Actual | Actual vs expected |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UN 1998 | 2020–2025* | 24 years | 75.5 | 72.6 | −2.8 yrs |
| UN 2000 | 2020–2025* | 22 years | 75.5 | 72.6 | −2.9 yrs |
| UN 2002 | 2020–2025* | 20 years | 75.5 | 72.6 | −2.9 yrs |
| UN 2004 | 2020–2025* | 18 years | 75.5 | 72.6 | −2.8 yrs |
| UN 2006 | 2020–2025* | 16 years | 75.5 | 72.6 | −2.8 yrs |
| UN 2008 | 2020–2025* | 14 years | 75.5 | 72.6 | −2.8 yrs |
| UN 2010 | 2020–2025* | 12 years | 75.6 | 72.6 | −2.9 yrs |
| UN 2012 | 2020–2025* | 10 years | 78.9 | 72.6 | −6.3 yrs |
| UN 2015 | 2020–2025* | 8 years | 79 | 72.6 | −6.4 yrs |
| UN 2017 | 2020–2025* | 6 years | 78.6 | 72.6 | −5.9 yrs |
| UN 2019 | 2020–2025* | 4 years | 77.6 | 72.6 | −5 yrs |
| UN 2022 | 2023 | 1 year | 75.1 | 73.4 | −1.7 yrs |
* The five-year period is not over: the projection is compared with the mean of its years so far (UN facts end in 2023).
All indicators
Demography
Births
2.94k births per year latest value, 2023
Live births per calendar year. UN WPP 2024 and national statistics (64 countries, 2015-2025).
Deaths
1 thousand deaths per year latest value, 2023
Deaths per calendar year (UN estimate to 2023, medium variant from 2024); past UN revisions for forecast checks.
Natural change
1.8 thousand persons per year latest value, 2023
Births minus deaths in the year (UN). Negative: natural decrease, more deaths than births.
Rate of natural change
10.8 per 1,000 population per year latest value, 2023
Births minus deaths in the year per 1,000 people (UN). With the net migration rate it makes up population growth.
Life expectancy at 65
20.3 years latest value, 2023
Years a person aged 65 would still live at the mortality rates of the year; both sexes (UN).
Infant mortality
11.4 deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births latest value, 2023
Children per 1,000 live births who die before their first birthday (UN); past UN revisions for forecast checks.
Total fertility rate
2.78 children per woman latest value, 2023
Average number of children a woman would have at the age-specific fertility rates of the year.
Life expectancy at birth, women
81.4 years latest value, 2023
Years a newborn girl would live at the mortality rates of the year (UN).
Life expectancy at birth, men
73.4 years latest value, 2023
Years a newborn boy would live at the mortality rates of the year (UN).
Median age
31.1 years latest value, 2023
Age that divides the population in two halves (UN).
Mean age of mothers at childbirth
29.1 years latest value, 2023
Mean age of mothers at the birth of their children of any order (UN).
Sex ratio at birth
107 boys per 100 girls latest value, 2023
Boys born per 100 girls born (UN).
Crude marriage rate
6.04 marriages per 1,000 people latest value, 2024
Marriages in the year per 1,000 people: marriages from national offices (Korea, Japan, Taiwan, China, the USA, the UK, Russia, Brazil and others, where they publish more than the international databases), Eurostat and the UN, divided by the UN WPP 2024 population. Where most births are within marriage, marriages come before births.
Source: UN Demographic Statistics Database (UNdata) and Demographic Yearbook
Marriages
1.01k marriages a year latest value, 2024
Marriages in the year (couples). National offices (Korea, Japan, Taiwan, China, the USA, the UK, Russia, Brazil and others), Eurostat for Europe, the UN for the rest; by year of registration or of occurrence, as each country counts.
Source: UN Demographic Statistics Database (UNdata) and Demographic Yearbook
Adolescent fertility rate
31.5 births per 1,000 women aged 15-19 latest value, 2024
Births to women aged 15-19 per 1,000 women of that age (World Bank, from UN World Population Prospects).
Old-age dependency
19.2 persons 65+ per 100 aged 20-64 latest value, 2020
Persons aged 65+ per 100 aged 20-64, every five years (UN).
Children under 15
43 thousand persons, 1 July latest value, 2023
Children aged 0-14 on 1 July: the sum of the five-year groups 0-4, 5-9 and 10-14 (UN; estimate to 2023, medium variant from 2024).
Children under 5
15 thousand persons, 1 July latest value, 2023
Children aged 0-4 on 1 July (UN; estimate to 2023, medium variant from 2024).
People aged 65 and over
20 thousand persons, 1 July latest value, 2023
People aged 65 and over on 1 July: the sum of the five-year groups from 65-69 to 100+ (UN; estimate to 2023, medium variant from 2024).
People aged 80 and over
4 thousand persons, 1 July latest value, 2023
People aged 80 and over on 1 July: the sum of the five-year groups from 80-84 to 100+ (UN; estimate to 2023, medium variant from 2024).
Migration
Net migration
−0.5k persons per year latest value, 2023
Immigrants minus emigrants per year (UN estimate and projection). Past UN revisions for forecast checks.
Net migration rate
−3 per 1,000 population per year latest value, 2023
Immigrants minus emigrants per year per 1,000 people: UN net migration divided by the population on 1 July. Comparable across countries of any size.
International migrants, share
50.2 % of population latest value, 2024
People born in another country (foreign citizens where birthplace is not recorded) as a share of the population at mid-year (UN, every five years and 2024).
International migrant stock
84.2k persons latest value, 2024
Number of people born in another country (or foreign citizens) living in the country at mid-year (UN).
Emigrants, share
0.7 % of home population latest value, 2024
People from the country (born there or its citizens) living in other countries, as a percentage of the population living in the country (UN, International Migrant Stock 2024).
Emigrant stock
1.18k persons latest value, 2024
Number of people from the country (born there or its citizens) living in other countries at mid-year (UN).
Economy
Unemployment, ILO estimate
5.6 % of labour force latest value, 2025
Unemployed as a share of the labour force by the ILO's single definition: a modelled estimate for every country, including those without surveys (via the World Bank). Unlike the IMF series, one definition for all, but no projections.
Youth unemployment, 15-24
13.8 % of labour force aged 15-24 latest value, 2025
Unemployed as a share of the labour force aged 15-24 (ILO modelled estimate, via the World Bank).
Society
Urban population
94.2 % of population latest value, 2025
Share of people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices (World Bank, from UN World Urbanization Prospects).
Female labour force participation
56.5 % of women 15+ latest value, 2025
Share of women aged 15+ who work or look for work (ILO modelled estimate, via the World Bank).
Life expectancy at birth
77.4 years latest value, 2024
Life expectancy at birth, both sexes (World Bank, from UN and national statistics).
Digitalisation
Internet users
80.5 % of population latest value, 2017
Share of individuals who used the Internet in the last three months from any device. ITU data.
Mobile cellular subscriptions
59.8 per 100 people latest value, 2004
Active mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 people; can exceed 100 when people have several SIM cards. ITU data.
Fixed broadband subscriptions
1.8 subscriptions per 100 people latest value, 2022
Fixed subscriptions to high-speed Internet (256 kbit/s or more) per 100 people. ITU data.
Energy
Electricity demand per person
11,085 kWh per person a year latest value, 2024
Electricity demand (generation plus net imports, Ember) divided by the UN WPP 2024 population. A physical measure that is hard to dress up.
Source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data
Electricity demand growth
3.3 % per year latest value, 2024
Change in electricity demand from the previous year (Ember). Useful to set against official GDP growth.
Source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data
Wind and solar share of electricity
8.6 % of generation latest value, 2024
Share of wind and solar power in electricity generation (Ember).
Source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data
Low-carbon share of electricity
8.6 % of generation latest value, 2024
Share of renewables and nuclear power in electricity generation (Ember).
Source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data
Coal share of electricity
0 % of generation latest value, 2024
Share of coal power in electricity generation (Ember).
Source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data
Carbon intensity of electricity
605 g CO2e per kWh latest value, 2024
Greenhouse gas emissions of electricity generation per kilowatt-hour (Ember).
Source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data
Electricity generation
1.9 TWh per year latest value, 2024
Total electricity generation in the country (Ember). Imports are excluded. A volume, not the share of a fuel.
Source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data
Electricity generation emissions
1.1 Mt CO2e per year latest value, 2024
Greenhouse gas emissions of electricity generation (Ember), not of the whole economy.
Source: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data
Security
Deaths in organised violence
0 persons a year latest value, 2025
Deaths in state-based conflict, non-state conflict and one-sided violence against civilians, by where the events took place (UCDP GED, best estimate). 0 means no organised violence above UCDP thresholds (25 deaths a year in one conflict). Events in Gaza and the West Bank are counted for Palestine.
Deaths in organised violence per 100,000
0 per 100,000 people a year latest value, 2025
Deaths in organised violence (UCDP GED) per 100,000 people (population: UN WPP 2024).
Armed conflict in the country
0 0 none, 1 minor, 2 war latest value, 2025
Strongest armed conflict of the year in which the government or territory of the country is disputed (UCDP/PRIO ACD): 1 = 25-999 battle-related deaths, 2 = war, 1,000 or more. In interstate conflicts every primary party is marked even if the fighting was elsewhere (the USA in Iraq, 2003). Historical states are mapped to present-day countries by territory (USSR, Yugoslavia, South Vietnam and others).
Battle deaths
0 persons a year latest value, 2025
Soldiers and civilians killed in combat in state-based armed conflicts on the territory of the country. 1946-1988: PRIO Battle Deaths (best estimate, else the low one; a conflict of several countries split equally); from 1989: UCDP GED by place of the events. For the same conflicts in 1989-2008 PRIO is 1.6 times UCDP, so the drop in 1989 is partly a change of source. One-sided violence against civilians is not included.
Battle deaths per 100,000
0 per 100,000 people a year latest value, 2025
Battle deaths on the territory of the country (PRIO to 1988, UCDP GED from 1989) per 100,000 people (population: UN WPP 2024), from 1950.
Intentional homicides (per 100,000 people)
4.3 per 100,000 people latest value, 2019
An intentional homicide is defined as an unlawful death inflicted upon a person with the intent to cause death or serious injury.
Purchases and money
Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)
59.9 % of GDP latest value, 2022
This field includes expenditure on goods and services by the Household and NPISH sector for the direct satisfaction of human needs or wants, whether individual or collective. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.
Source: Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)
Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure per capita (constant 2015 US$)
20,797.7 constant 2015 US dollars latest value, 2022
This field includes expenditure on goods and services by the Household and NPISH sector for the direct satisfaction of human needs or wants, whether individual or collective. The core indicator has been divided by the general population to achieve a per capita estimate.This indicator is expressed in constant prices, meaning the series has been adjusted to account for price changes over time. The reference year for this adjustment is 2015. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Source: Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure per capita (constant 2015 US$)
Health
COVID economic support index
0.2 mean index 0–100 latest value, 2022
Mean daily national OxCGRT index with all days present, archived 2020–2022. Codes policies, not compliance, effectiveness or causal impact. Average follows source treatment of vaccination groups.
COVID containment and health index
36.4 mean index 0–100 latest value, 2022
Mean daily national OxCGRT index with all days present, archived 2020–2022. Codes policies, not compliance, effectiveness or causal impact. Average follows source treatment of vaccination groups.
COVID government response
31.9 mean index 0–100 latest value, 2022
Mean daily national OxCGRT index with all days present, archived 2020–2022. Codes policies, not compliance, effectiveness or causal impact. Average follows source treatment of vaccination groups.
COVID policy stringency
23 mean index 0–100 latest value, 2022
Mean daily national OxCGRT index with all days present, archived 2020–2022. Codes policies, not compliance, effectiveness or causal impact. Average follows source treatment of vaccination groups.
Reported COVID-19 cases
2,349 by report dates in year latest value, 2023
Sum of WHO weekly reports by report date in a completed year, requiring at least 50 nonmissing values. Reported events, not total infections/deaths. Negative revisions retained; testing and reporting coverage changed.
Source: WHO: reported COVID-19 data
Reported COVID-19 deaths
8 by report dates in year latest value, 2023
Sum of WHO weekly reports by report date in a completed year, requiring at least 50 nonmissing values. Reported events, not total infections/deaths. Negative revisions retained; testing and reporting coverage changed.
Source: WHO: reported COVID-19 data
Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79)
20.3 % of people aged 20-79 latest value, 2024
Diabetes prevalence refers to the percentage of people ages 20-79 who have type 1 or type 2 diabetes. It is calculated by adjusting to a standard population age-structure.
Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people)
11.6 per 1,000 people latest value, 2018
Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses.
Physicians (per 1,000 people)
1.1 per 1,000 people latest value, 1999
Physicians include generalist and specialist medical practitioners.
Source: Physicians (per 1,000 people)
Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people)
55 per 100,000 people latest value, 2024
Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new and relapse tuberculosis cases arising in a given year, expressed as the rate per 100,000 population. All forms of TB are included, including cases in people living with HIV. Estimates for all years are recalculated as new information becomes available and techniques are refined, so they may differ from those published previously.
Culture and time
International tourism, number of arrivals
328,000 arrivals per year latest value, 2020
International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival.
Land and housing
Agricultural land (% of land area)
29.6 % of land area latest value, 2023
Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.
Arable land (% of land area)
1.9 % of land area latest value, 2023
Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.
Source: Arable land (% of land area)
Land equipped for irrigation
0.31 1000 ha latest value, 2024
FAOSTAT RL, Land area equipped for irrigation. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.
Source: FAO: FAOSTAT
Primary forest
0 1000 ha latest value, 2025
FAOSTAT RL, Primary Forest. Published exact annual central values only; missing/suppressed values and inequality bounds are excluded from the annual series. Source flags, units, period and release retained in typed tables. Food supply is availability, not actual intake; land areas are not prices; diet cost uses source PPP definitions; land temperature is relative to 1951–1980.
Source: FAO: FAOSTAT
Everyday environment
Air transport, passengers carried
1,172,372 passengers per year latest value, 2009
Air carrier data per country refers to passengers carried by airlines registered in that country regardless of the origin or destination of the passengers.
Access to electricity (% of population)
100 % of population latest value, 2024
Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.
Forest area (% of land area)
51.9 % of land area latest value, 2023
Forest area (% of land area) is the share of total land area that is under natural or planted stands of trees of at least 5 meters in situ, whether productive or not, and excludes tree stands in agricultural production systems (for example, in fruit plantations and agroforestry systems) and trees in urban parks and gardens.
Source: Forest area (% of land area)
PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter)
3.5 micrograms/m³, annual mean exposure latest value, 2023
Population-weighted exposure to ambient PM2.5 pollution is defined as the average level of exposure of a nation's population to concentrations of suspended particles measuring less than 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter, which are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing severe health damage. Exposure is calculated by weighting mean annual concentrations of PM2.5 by population in both urban and rural areas.
Source: PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter)
People using safely managed drinking water services (% of population)
94 % of population latest value, 2024
The percentage of people using drinking water from an improved source that is accessible on premises, available when needed and free from fecal and priority chemical contamination. Improved water sources include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water.
Source: People using safely managed drinking water services (% of population)
Work and skills
Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)
99.4 % of people aged 15+ latest value, 1990
Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.
Source: Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)
Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
58.8 % of population aged 15+ latest value, 2025
Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed.
Source: Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate)
62.3 % of population aged 15+ latest value, 2025
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Source: Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate)
Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
11.8 % of employment latest value, 2025
Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.
Source: Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Literacy rate, youth total (% of people ages 15-24)
99.9 % of people aged 15-24 latest value, 1990
Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.
Science, space and technology
GitHub developer accounts at year end
5,679 accounts latest value, 2025
Fourth-quarter end snapshot; includes inactive accounts/organizations/repositories. GitHub Innovation Graph: public GitHub activity only. Geography reflects mode location, not nationality. Suppressed small groups are not zeros; not a professional-programmer count.
Source: GitHub Innovation Graph
GitHub organizations at year end
283 organizations latest value, 2025
Fourth-quarter end snapshot; includes inactive accounts/organizations/repositories. GitHub Innovation Graph: public GitHub activity only. Geography reflects mode location, not nationality. Suppressed small groups are not zeros; not a professional-programmer count.
Source: GitHub Innovation Graph
GitHub repositories at year end
5,497 repositories latest value, 2025
Fourth-quarter end snapshot; includes inactive accounts/organizations/repositories. GitHub Innovation Graph: public GitHub activity only. Geography reflects mode location, not nationality. Suppressed small groups are not zeros; not a professional-programmer count.
Source: GitHub Innovation Graph
Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)
0.3 % of GDP latest value, 2005
Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.
Researchers in R&D (per million people)
292.5 full-time equivalents per million people latest value, 2005
The number of researchers engaged in Research &Development (R&D), expressed as per million. Researchers are professionals who conduct research and improve or develop concepts, theories, models techniques instrumentation, software of operational methods. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.
Religion and beliefs
Christians — population share
94 % of population latest value, 2020
Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.
Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020
Christians — population
150 thousand persons latest value, 2020
Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.
Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020
Religiously unaffiliated — population share
1.8 % of population latest value, 2020
Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.
Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020
Buddhists — population share
1.1 % of population latest value, 2020
Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.
Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020
Other religions — population share
3.1 % of population latest value, 2020
Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.
Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020
Religious diversity — country rank
148 rank among 201 latest value, 2020
Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.
Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020
Religious diversity index
1.3 index points (0–10) latest value, 2020
Pew index, 0–10, based on seven broad groups. 10 means seven equal groups; 0 means everyone belongs to one group. Does not measure religious freedom, intensity of belief or conflict. Values below 0.1 are retained as bounds in the table. Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.
Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020
Religious composition: balance between two groups
2.2 index points (0–10) latest value, 2020
Pew index, 0–10, based on seven broad groups. 10 means two equal groups, which may be any two religions. It is not an affiliated/unaffiliated index. Does not measure religious freedom, intensity of belief or conflict. Values below 0.1 are retained as bounds in the table. Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.
Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020
Religiously affiliated — population share
98.2 % of population latest value, 2020
Macroscope calculation: total population minus Unaffiliated. A subtotal of six religious groups, not an eighth group or a count of believers in God. Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.
Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020
Religiously affiliated — population
160 thousand persons latest value, 2020
Macroscope calculation: total population minus Unaffiliated. A subtotal of six religious groups, not an eighth group or a count of believers in God. Pew estimates for all ages in 2010 and 2020 from the same revised 2025 release. Harmonised census/survey religious identification, not practising believers. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist or without beliefs. Other religions include folk traditions, Sikhs, Jains, Baha’is and others. The 2026 appendix displays shares below 0.1% as <0.1%; the interactive table displays populations below 10,000 as <10,000; these are retained as bounds in dimensions.operator and omitted from exact chart points. Other counts are rounded to 10,000 and shares to 0.1 percentage point. No intervening years are filled. Affiliated is a derived subtotal of the six religious groups and must not be added to them. Regions/world overlap with countries and must not be summed. Diversity ranks describe only the seven broad groups; a larger rank means less diversity, not less freedom.
Source: Pew Research Center: religious composition, 2010 and 2020
Christians among immigrants — share
73.3 % of migrants latest value, 2020
Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.
Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants
Christians among immigrants — population
60 thousand persons latest value, 2020
Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.
Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants
Muslims among immigrants — share
1.1 % of migrants latest value, 2020
Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.
Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants
Religiously unaffiliated among immigrants — share
19.5 % of migrants latest value, 2020
Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.
Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants
Religiously unaffiliated among immigrants — population
20 thousand persons latest value, 2020
Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.
Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants
Buddhists among immigrants — share
3.2 % of migrants latest value, 2020
Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.
Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants
Hindus among immigrants — share
1.6 % of migrants latest value, 2020
Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.
Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants
Jews among immigrants — share
0.7 % of migrants latest value, 2020
Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.
Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants
Other religions among immigrants — share
0.6 % of migrants latest value, 2020
Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.
Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants
Christians among emigrants — share
80.8 % of migrants latest value, 2020
Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.
Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants
Muslims among emigrants — share
1.6 % of migrants latest value, 2020
Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.
Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants
Religiously unaffiliated among emigrants — share
12.7 % of migrants latest value, 2020
Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.
Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants
Buddhists among emigrants — share
1.8 % of migrants latest value, 2020
Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.
Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants
Hindus among emigrants — share
2.1 % of migrants latest value, 2020
Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.
Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants
Jews among emigrants — share
0.4 % of migrants latest value, 2020
Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.
Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants
Other religions among emigrants — share
0.7 % of migrants latest value, 2020
Pew 2024 estimates of international migrant stocks at seven dates, 1990–2020. Incoming means migrants living in a country; Outgoing means people from that country living abroad. These are not annual flows or shares of all residents. Based on international migrant data and estimates of religious composition, not a census of practising believers. Incoming and Outgoing overlap; world totals must not be added to countries. Counts are rounded to 10,000; smaller counts remain <10,000 bounds and are omitted from exact chart points. Shares use migrants in the same direction as denominator, rounded to 0.1 percentage point; 0.0% does not establish absence. Shares for 22 Incoming records with zero total are undefined and omitted. Vatican City Incoming is missing. Unaffiliated does not mean atheist. This release is not spliced with the revised 2025 all-population estimates.
Source: Pew Research Center: religion of international migrants
Catholics — population, 2010 estimate
140 thousand persons latest value, 2010
Historical all-age estimates for 2010 from Pew’s 2011 release, 232 countries/territories. Pew’s 2025 revision does not update this detailed split: do not splice into the revised Christian total series. Affiliation, not practice. Protestant includes Anglicans and independent churches; Orthodox includes Eastern and Oriental Orthodox churches. Other Christians include, among others, Latter-day Saints and Jehovah’s Witnesses under the source classification. Counts of at least 10,000 are rounded to 10,000; <1,000 and <10,000 remain bounds in the typed table only. The source states that <10,000 means 1,000–9,999, not zero. World is the sum of the five regions in the same release. Netherlands Antilles and Channel Islands are not assigned to a single present-day country. Geography follows the 2011 release; South Sudan is separate. Macroscope analysis. Pew Research Center bears no responsibility for the analyses or interpretations of the data presented here. The opinions expressed herein, including any implications for policy, are those of the author and not of Pew Research Center. Pew Research Center has published the original content in English but has not reviewed or approved this translation.
Source: Pew: Christian traditions, 2010 estimates (2011 release)
Protestants — population, 2010 estimate
30 thousand persons latest value, 2010
Historical all-age estimates for 2010 from Pew’s 2011 release, 232 countries/territories. Pew’s 2025 revision does not update this detailed split: do not splice into the revised Christian total series. Affiliation, not practice. Protestant includes Anglicans and independent churches; Orthodox includes Eastern and Oriental Orthodox churches. Other Christians include, among others, Latter-day Saints and Jehovah’s Witnesses under the source classification. Counts of at least 10,000 are rounded to 10,000; <1,000 and <10,000 remain bounds in the typed table only. The source states that <10,000 means 1,000–9,999, not zero. World is the sum of the five regions in the same release. Netherlands Antilles and Channel Islands are not assigned to a single present-day country. Geography follows the 2011 release; South Sudan is separate. Macroscope analysis. Pew Research Center bears no responsibility for the analyses or interpretations of the data presented here. The opinions expressed herein, including any implications for policy, are those of the author and not of Pew Research Center. Pew Research Center has published the original content in English but has not reviewed or approved this translation.
Source: Pew: Christian traditions, 2010 estimates (2011 release)
Industry and waste
Municipal waste per person (World Bank)
850 kg per person a year latest value, 2012
Municipal solid waste generation, kg per person a year (kg a day × 365). Municipal solid waste: households plus similar waste from shops, institutions and streets — excluding industrial, construction and mining waste. One reported year a country, the years differ. World Bank, What a Waste 3.0 (2026).
Municipal waste sent to recycling
38 % of municipal waste latest value, 2012
Share of municipal waste sent to recycling, as reported by the country. Sent is not the same as recycled: sorting rejects and exports are included; composting and incineration are not. Municipal solid waste: households plus similar waste from shops, institutions and streets — excluding industrial, construction and mining waste. One reported year a country, the years differ. World Bank, What a Waste 3.0 (2026).