Estonia: for every 1,000 residents, 14 people arrive and 13 leave in a year — migration barely changes the population
In 2024 the difference between arrivals and departures was just 1 per 1,000 residents, while moves in both directions totalled 26 per 1,000, 26 times more. The net figure alone hides this movement.
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The same net migration can hide very different movement: almost all arrivals are offset by departures.
One percentage scale relative to 2010: 0% is the starting value, +100% is a doubling, −50% is a halving. Lines show the yearly path; on a short screen, bars show the change to 2024. Equal distances mean equal relative changes. For shares, this is relative change, not percentage points. Gaps are not filled; original values and units are below.
- Immigration rate per 1,000 people a year
2.111 (2010) → 13.691 (2024)
- Emigration rate per 1,000 people a year
3.977 (2010) → 12.682 (2024)
Start: 2010; end: the latest year up to 2025 with every series (2024). Published values, no gap filling or smoothing. Thresholds select a story and do not establish statistical significance.
Registered arrivals and departures from national statistics or Eurostat (the source is given with the values below), not a UN estimate. One person may move more than once a year. Departures are usually recorded less completely than arrivals.
A question for this picture
For housing, schools and jobs, which matters more: the net figure or the people actually arriving and leaving?