Since 2021 China's cement output fell 29%, India's rose 34%
In 2025 China made about 1.7 billion tonnes of cement, against 2.4 billion in 2021; India made 470 million against 350 million. China still makes 45% of the world's cement.
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Cement goes into concrete: housing, roads, bridges. China has been building less in recent years and India more, but India still makes several times less cement than China.
Bars: cement produced in a year, million tonnes, for China and India in 2021 (China's largest output in the series) and in 2025.
- China: Cement production thousand tonnes a year
2021: 2,400,000
- China: Cement production thousand tonnes a year
2025: 1,700,000
- India: Cement production thousand tonnes a year
2021: 350,000
- India: Cement production thousand tonnes a year
2025: 470,000
- World: Cement production thousand tonnes a year
2025: 3,800,000
USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries, Cement chapter: output estimates by country, rounded to 5–100 Mt; the latest year is a preliminary estimate. Each year comes from the latest edition that has it. Change = 2025 against 2021.
China figures are USGS estimates, not Chinese statistics; they are rounded, so the percentage change is accurate to a few points. The card says nothing about causes.
A question for this picture
What happened to China's steel output over the same years?