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  1. Science and space7 countries

    Women are 18% of researchers in Japan and 24% in Korea, but 54% in Argentina and 77% in Myanmar

    Myanmar77%Azerbaijan61%Argentina54%Russia38%Germany30%South Korea24%Japan18%Women among researchers, latest year

    Plenty of Korean women study at university: gross enrolment is 105%. 57% of Korean women over 15 work or look for work, and 52% of Argentine women.

    Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics; World BankOpen on the chart →
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    The share of women in research varies fourfold between countries, and wealth or university study do not predict it: Korean women study at university very often and work about as much as Argentine women, yet are half as common in research.

    Bars: women's share of all the country's researchers, latest year with data (2020–2024).

    Women's share: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, researchers in all sectors, by headcount rather than full-time equivalent. Gross tertiary enrolment: UNESCO via the World Bank, women enrolled against women in the five years after school age, so it can exceed 100%. Labour force participation: ILO modelled estimate via the World Bank.

    Countries count researchers differently: where research sits mostly in universities and public institutes there are usually more women than where it sits in companies. In small research systems such as Myanmar's, the share rests on a few institutions. The card says nothing of causes.

    A question for this picture

    How has the share of women among Korea's researchers changed?

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