India: GDP per person rose by 70% from 2010 to 2022, while births fell by 13%
Female students: 33 per 100 women of student age, counting students of any age (16 in 2010); internet users: 56% of residents, up from 7.5%. Children per woman: 1.99, down from 2.60. Coincidence in time does not establish a cause.
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Five series of one country over the same years: GDP, women’s education, the internet, births and children per woman. They changed at the same time, but such series cannot tell cause from effect.
One percentage scale relative to 2010: 0% is the starting value, +100% is a doubling, −50% is a halving. Lines show the yearly path; on a short screen, bars show the change to 2022. Equal distances mean equal relative changes. For shares, this is relative change, not percentage points. Gaps are not filled; original values and units are below.
- Tertiary enrolment, women % gross
15.6031 (2010) → 33.2539 (2022)
- Internet users % of population
7.5 (2010) → 55.9 (2022)
- GDP per capita, PPP constant 2021 international $
4,913.8764 (2010) → 8,347.3848 (2022)
- Total fertility rate children per woman
2.599 (2010) → 1.994 (2022)
- Births thousand births per year
26,901 (2010) → 23,286 (2022)
Start: 2010; end: the latest year up to 2023 with every series (2022). Published values, no gap filling or smoothing. Births and children per woman come from the same source at both ends: UN estimates are not compared with national statistics, whose level differs. Thresholds select a story and do not establish statistical significance.
Students of any age are divided by the number of women of typical student age, so the measure can exceed 100. GDP per person is adjusted for prices, in 2021 dollars; it is not household income.
A question for this picture
What else changed in these years?