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  1. Education4 countries

    In 7 of 31 countries maths at age 15 peaked years before half the population was online

    Indonesia · peak 2006−25Mexico · peak 2009−23Thailand · peak 2012−33Uruguay · peak 2006−18← from the peak to 2022; half online 5–14 years later

    For example Indonesia: the best score came in 2006, half the population was online only in 2020, and by 2022 the score is 25 lower. In another 4 it came a year before, in 20 when half or more were already online.

    Source: OECD: PISA 2003–2022; ITU via the World Bank (internet users)Open on the chart →
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    A common explanation for falling scores is smartphones and the internet. This shows when each country had its best year: in some of them, while only a minority was online. The score never returned to that level.

    Each bar: how far the 2022 maths score is below the country's best year. The label gives the best year; below the chart, how many years later half the population was online. Shown: the countries with the longest gap between the two.

    OECD PISA 2022: maths means 2003–2022 and the change from the best round to 2022 (significant, linking error included). 31 countries with all seven rounds and a significant fall from the peak; «before» means a peak at least two years ahead of the threshold. Internet: ITU via the World Bank, share of people online in the last three months.

    The peak is the point estimate of one round; neighbouring rounds may be within the error. In some countries (Thailand, for one) the score dropped significantly below the peak only in 2022, when most were already online. Internet use of the whole population is not that of teenagers, who went online earlier. The card does not prove the internet played no part, only that in many countries the best year came before it was widespread.

    A question for this picture

    Where 80% were online by 2012, did maths fall too?

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